1- Abdel-Moneim, A.-M. E., A. M. Shehata, N. G. Mohamed, A. M. Elbaz and N. S. Ibrahim. 2021. Synergistic effect of Spirulina platensis and selenium nanoparticles on growth performance, serum metabolites, immune responses, and antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed broiler chickens. Biological trace element research: 1-12.
2- Abouelezz, F. 2017. Evaluation of spirulina algae (Spirulina platensis) as a feed supplement for japanese quail: nutiritional effects on growth performance, egg production, egg quality, blood metabolites, sperm-egg penetration and fertility. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal 37: 707-719.
3- Abu Hafsa, S., H. Zeweil, S. Zahran, M. Ahmed, W. Dosoky and N. Rwif. 2019. Effect of dietary supplementation with green and brown seaweeds on laying performance, egg quality, blood lipid profile and antioxidant capacity in Japanese quail. Poult Sci 39: 41-59.
4- Abudabos, A. M., A. B. Okab, R. S. Aljumaah, E. M. Samara, K. A. Abdoun and A. A. Al-Haidary. 2013. Nutritional value of green seaweed (Ulva lactuca) for broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science 12: e28.
5- Akinyemi, F. and D. Adewole. 2022. Effects of brown seaweed products on growth performance, plasma biochemistry, immune response, and antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens challenged with heat stress. Poultry science 101: 102215.
6- Alaqil, A. A. and A. O. Abbas. 2023. The Effects of Dietary Spirulina platensisis on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress. Animals 13: 363.
7- Alfaia, C., J. Pestana, M. Rodrigues, D. Coelho, M. Aires, D. Ribeiro, V. Major, C. Martins, H. Santos and P. Lopes. 2021. Influence of dietary Chlorella vulgaris and carbohydrate-active enzymes on growth performance, meat quality and lipid composition of broiler chickens. Poultry science 100: 926-937.
8- Alwaleed, E. A., M. El-Sheekh, M. M. Abdel-Daim and H. Saber. 2021. Effects of Spirulina platensis and Amphora coffeaeformis as dietary supplements on blood biochemical parameters, intestinal microbial population, and productive performance in broiler chickens. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28: 1801-1811.
9- Archer, G. S. 2023. Evaluation of an Extract Derived from the Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum to Reduce the Negative Effects of Heat Stress on Broiler Growth and Stress Parameters. Animals 13: 259.
10- Borzouie, S., B. M. Rathgeber, C. M. Stupart, J. MacIsaac and L. A. MacLaren. 2020. Effects of dietary inclusion of seaweed, heat stress and genetic strain on performance, plasma biochemical and hematological parameters in laying hens. Animals 10: 1570.
11- Chaudhary, A., P. Mishra, S. Al Amaz, P. L. Mahato, R. Das, R. Jha and B. Mishra. 2023. Dietary supplementation of microalgae mitigates the negative effects of heat stress in broilers. Poultry science 102: 102958.
12- Choi, Y., E. C. Lee, Y. Na and S. R. Lee. 2018. Effects of dietary supplementation with fermented and non-fermented brown algae by-products on laying performance, egg quality, and blood profile in laying hens. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences 31: 1654.
13- El-Shall, N. A., S. Jiang, M. R. Farag, M. Azzam, A. A. Al-Abdullatif, R. Alhotan, K. Dhama, F.-u. Hassan and M. Alagawany. 2023. Potential of Spirulina platensis as a feed supplement for poultry to enhance growth performance and immune modulation. Frontiers in Immunology 14: 1072787.
14- Elbaz, A. M., A. M. Ahmed, A. Abdel-Maqsoud, A. M. Badran and A.-M. E. Abdel-Moneim. 2022. Potential ameliorative role of Spirulina platensis in powdered or extract forms against cyclic heat stress in broiler chickens. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29: 45578-45588.
15- Fries-Craft, K., R. Arsenault and E. Bobeck. 2023. Basal diet composition contributes to differential performance, intestinal health, and immunological responses to a microalgae-based feed ingredient in broiler chickens. Poultry science 102: 102235.
16- Guo, Y., B. Balasubramanian, Z.-H. Zhao and W.-C. Liu. 2021. Marine algal polysaccharides alleviate aflatoxin B1-induced bursa of Fabricius injury by regulating redox and apoptotic signaling pathway in broilers. Poultry science 100: 844-857.
17- Guo, Y., Z.-H. Zhao, Z.-Y. Pan, L.-L. An, B. Balasubramanian and W.-C. Liu. 2020. New insights into the role of dietary marine-derived polysaccharides on productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, and jejunal morphology in late-phase laying hens. Poultry science 99: 2100-2107.
18- Jaensch, S. M., L. Cullen and S. R. Raidal. 2000. Assessment of liver function in galahs (Eolophus roseicapillus) after partial hepatectomy: a comparison of plasma enzyme concentrations, serum bile acid levels, and galactose clearance tests. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 14: 164-171.
19- Khan, S., M. Mobashar, F. K. Mahsood, S. Javaid, A. Abdel-Wareth, H. Ammanullah and A. Mahmood. 2020. Spirulina inclusion levels in a broiler ration: evaluation of growth performance, gut integrity, and immunity. Tropical Animal Health and Production 52: 3233-3240.
20- Kraan, S. Section. 2012. Algal polysaccharides, novel applications and outlook. Carbohydrates-comprehensive studies on glycobiology and glycotechnology. IntechOpen;
21- Kulshreshtha, G., B. Rathgeber, G. Stratton, N. Thomas, F. Evans, A. Critchley, J. Hafting and B. Prithiviraj. 2014. Feed supplementation with red seaweeds, Chondrus crispus and Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii, affects performance, egg quality, and gut microbiota of layer hens. Poultry science 93: 2991-3001.
22- Li, Y., X. Fu, D. Duan, X. Liu, J. Xu and X. Gao. 2017. Extraction and identification of phlorotannins from the brown alga, Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setchell. Marine drugs 15: 49.
23- Liu, W.-C., Y. Guo, Z.-H. Zhao, R. Jha and B. Balasubramanian. 2020. Algae-derived polysaccharides promote growth performance by improving antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier function in broiler chickens. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7: 601336.
24- Liu, Z. and X. Sun. 2020. A critical review of the abilities, determinants, and possible molecular mechanisms of seaweed polysaccharides antioxidants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21: 7774.
25- Long, S., S. Kang, Q. Wang, Y. Xu, L. Pan, J. Hu, M. Li and X. Piao. 2018. Dietary supplementation with DHA-rich microalgae improves performance, serum composition, carcass trait, antioxidant status, and fatty acid profile of broilers. Poultry science 97: 1881-1890.
26- Michalak, I., R. Tiwari, M. Dhawan, M. Alagawany, M. R. Farag, K. Sharun, T. B. Emran and K. Dhama. 2022. Antioxidant effects of seaweeds and their active compounds on animal health and production–a review. Veterinary Quarterly 42: 48-67.
27- Mirzaie, S., F. Zirak-Khattab, S. A. Hosseini and H. Donyaei-Darian. 2018. Effects of dietary Spirulina on antioxidant status, lipid profile, immune response and performance characteristics of broiler chickens reared under high ambient temperature. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 31: 556.
28- Mishra, P., R. Das, A. Chaudhary, B. Mishra and R. Jha. 2023. Effects of microalgae, with or without xylanase supplementation, on growth performance, organs development, and gut health parameters of broiler chickens. Poultry science: 103056.
29- Moustafa, E. S., W. F. Alsanie, A. Gaber, N. N. Kamel, A. A. Alaqil and A. O. Abbas. 2021. Blue-Green Algae (Spirulina platensis) Alleviates the Negative Impact of Heat Stress on Broiler Production Performance and Redox Status. Animals 11: 1243.
30- Nunes, J. C., M. G. Lago, V. N. Castelo-Branco, F. R. Oliveira, A. G. Torres, D. Perrone and M. Monteiro. 2016. Effect of drying method on volatile compounds, phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of guava powders. Food Chemistry 197: 881-890.
31- Ottolenghi, S., F. M. Rubino, G. Sabbatini, S. Coppola, A. Veronese, D. Chiumello and R. Paroni. 2019. Oxidative stress markers to investigate the effects of hyperoxia in anesthesia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20: 5492.
32- Park, J., S. Lee and I. Kim. 2018. Effect of dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis on the growth performance, antioxidant enzyme activity, nutrient digestibility, cecal microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and breast meat quality of broiler chickens. Poultry science 97: 2451-2459.
33- Rahman, K. 2007. Studies on free radicals, antioxidants, and co-factors. Clinical interventions in aging 2: 219-236.
34- Sahin, N., K. Sahin, M. Onderci, M. Gursu, G. Cikim, J. Vijaya and O. Kucuk. 2005. Chromium picolinate, rather than biotin, alleviates performance and metabolic parameters in heat-stressed quail. British poultry science 46: 457-463.
35- Shihab, I. M., H. N. Ezzat and M. A. Hussein. 2019. Effect of using ionized water on some productive and physiological performance of Japanese quails. Poultry science 98: 5146-5151.
36- Sun, H., Y. Wang, Y. He, B. Liu, H. Mou, F. Chen and S. Yang. 2023. Microalgae-derived pigments for the food industry. Marine Drugs 21: 82.
37- Surai, P. F. 2020. Antioxidants in poultry nutrition and reproduction: an update. MDPI. p. 105.
38- Suresh, D. and K. Srinivasan. 2007. Studies on the in vitro absorption of spice principles–curcumin, capsaicin and piperine in rat intestines. Food and chemical toxicology 45: 1437-1442.
39- Weber, G., V. Machander, J. Schierle, R. Aureli, F. Roos and A. Pérez-Vendrell. 2013. Tolerance of poultry against an overdose of canthaxanthin as measured by performance, different blood variables and post-mortem evaluation. Animal Feed Science and Technology 186: 91-100.
40- Wen, Z., W. Liu, X. Li, W. Chen, Z. Liu, J. Wen and Z. Liu. 2019. A protective role of the NRF2-Keap1 pathway in maintaining intestinal barrier function. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2019.
41- Wolters, Hermann and Hahn. 2004. Effects of 6-month multivitamin supplementation on serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and vitamin C in healthy elderly women. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research 74: 161-168.
42- Yang, R.-l., W. Li, Y.-H. Shi and G.-W. Le. 2008. Lipoic acid prevents high-fat diet–induced dyslipidemia and oxidative stress: A microarray analysis. Nutrition 24: 582-588.
43- Yin, J., W. Ren, G. Liu, J. Duan, G. Yang, L. Wu, T. Li and Y. Yin. 2013. Birth oxidative stress and the development of an antioxidant system in newborn piglets. Free radical research 47: 1027-1035.
44- Ziar-Larimi, A., M. Rezaei, Y. Chashnidel, B. Zarei-Darki and A. Farhadi. 2018. Effect of different levels of chlorella vulgaris microalgae extract on performance in heat-stressed broilers. Research On Animal Production (Scientific and Research) 8: 20-29.
)