1- Aboagye G. and M.T. Rowe. 2018. Optimisation of decontamination method and influence of culture media on the recovery of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from spiked water sediments. Journal of microbiological methods 150:24-28.
2- Bakker D., P.T. Willemsen and F.G. van Zijderveld. 2000. Paratuberculosis recognized as a problem at last: a review. The Veterinary quarterly 22:200-204.
3- Bartos M., P. Hlozek, P. Svastova, L. Dvorska, T. Bull, L. Matlova, I. Parmova, I. Kuhn, J. Stubbs, M. Moravkova, J. Kintr, V. Beran, I. Melicharek, M. Ocepek and I. Pavlik. 2006. Identification of members of Mycobacterium avium species by Accu-Probes, serotyping, and single IS900, IS901, IS1245 and IS901-flanking region PCR with internal standards. Journal of microbiological methods 64:333-345.
4- Bradner L., S. Robbe-Austerman, D.C. Beitz and J.R. Stabel. 2013. Optimization of hexadecylpyridinium chloride decontamination for culture of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from milk. Journal of clinical microbiology 51:1575-1577.
5- Corti S. and R. Stephan. 2002. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis specific IS900 insertion sequences in bulk-tank milk samples obtained from different regions throughout Switzerland. BMC microbiology 2:15.
6- Doosti A. and S. Moshkelani. 2009. Detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis by Nested PCR in dairy cattles suspected to john's disease. Journal of Microbial World 2:19-22.
7- Erume J., J. Spergser and R. Rosengarten. 2001. Rapid detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from cattle and zoo animals by nested PCR. African health sciences 1:83-89.
8- Haghkhah M., M. Ansari-Lari, A.M. Novin-Baheran and A. Bahramy. 2008. Herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis by bulk-tank milk PCR in Fars province (southern Iran) dairy herds. Preventive veterinary medicine 86:8-13.
9- Huard R.C., L.C. Lazzarini, W.R. Butler, D. van Soolingen and J.L. Ho. 2003. PCR-based method to differentiate the subspecies of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex on the basis of genomic deletions. Journal of clinical microbiology 41:1637-1650.
10- Inglis N.F., K. Stevenson, R.C. Davies, D.G. Heaslip and J.M. Sharp. 2001. Unique expression of a highly conserved mycobacterial gene in IS901(+) Mycobacterium avium. Microbiology (Reading, England) 147:1557-1564.
11- Jafari B., F. Moosakhani and M. Jamshidian. 2015. Subtype genotyping characterization of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolated from dairy cattle of Tehran province. Advances in Bioresearch 6:60-64.
12- Johansen T.B., I. Olsen, M.R. Jensen, U.R. Dahle, G. Holstad and B. Djonne. 2007. New probes used for IS1245 and IS1311 restriction fragment length polymorphism of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis isolates of human and animal origin in Norway. BMC microbiology 7:14.
13- Kumanan V., S.R. Nugen, A.J. Baeumner and Y.F. Chang. 2009. A biosensor assay for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in fecal samples. Journal of veterinary science 10:35-42.
14- McFadden J.J., P.D. Butcher, J. Thompson, R. Chiodini and J. Hermon-Taylor. 1987. The use of DNA probes identifying restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms to examine the Mycobacterium avium complex. Molecular microbiology 1:283-291.
15- Mobius P., H. Hotzel, A. Rassbach and H. Kohler. 2008. Comparison of 13 single-round and nested PCR assays targeting IS900, ISMav2, f57 and locus 255 for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Veterinary microbiology 126:324-333.
16- Naser S.A., G. Ghobrial, C. Romero and J.F. Valentine. 2004. Culture of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from the blood of patients with Crohn's disease. Lancet (London, England) 364:1039-1044.
17- Park H.T., M.K. Shin, H.E. Park, Y.I. Cho and H.S. Yoo. 2016. PCR-based detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle in South Korea using fecal samples. The Journal of veterinary medical science 78:1537-1540.
18- Pierce E.S. 2018. Could Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis cause Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis...and colorectal cancer? Infectious agents and cancer 13:1.
19- Reddacliff L.A., A. Vadali and R.J. Whittington. 2003. The effect of decontamination protocols on the numbers of sheep strain Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolated from tissues and faeces. Veterinary microbiology 95:271-282.
20- Seyyedin M., H. Tadjbakhsh and T. Salehi. 2010. Identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in fecal samples of Holstein-Friesian cattle using molecular and cultivation methods. Journal of Veterinary Research 65:135-171.
21- Sonawane G.G. and B.N. Tripathi. 2016. Comparative evaluation of diagnostic tests for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the tissues of sheep affected with distinct pathology of paratuberculosis. International journal of mycobacteriology 5 Suppl 1:S88-S89.
22- Soumya M.P., R.M. Pillai, P.X. Antony, H.K. Mukhopadhyay and V.N. Rao. 2009. Comparison of faecal culture and IS900 PCR assay for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine faecal samples. Veterinary research communications 33:781-791.
23- Talatchian M. 1965. First report of Johne's disease in Iran. Bulletin-Office international des epizooties 64:779.
24- Turenne C.Y., D.M. Collins, D.C. Alexander and M.A. Behr. 2008. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of M. avium organisms. Journal of bacteriology 190:2479-2487.
25- Vir Singh S., K. Dhama, K.K. Chaubey, N. Kumar, P.K. Singh, J.S. Sohal, S. Gupta, A. Vir Singh, A.K. Verma, R. Tiwari, Mahima, S. Chakraborty and R. Deb. 2013. Impact of host genetics on susceptibility and resistance to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in domestic ruminants. Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS 16:251-266.