1- Achtman M. 2008. Evolution, population structure, and phylogeography of genetically monomorphic bacterial pathogens. Annual review of microbiology 62,53-70.
2- Ahlstrom C., H.W. Barkema, K. Stevenson, R.N. Zadoks, R. Biek, R. Kao, H. Trewby, D. Haupstein, D.F. Kelton, G. Fecteau, O. Labrecque, G.P. Keefe, S.L. McKenna and J. De Buck. 2015. Limitations of variable number of tandem repeat typing identified through whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on a national and herd level. BMC genomics 16,161.
3- Azimi T., M.J. Nasiri, A.S. Chirani, R. Pouriran and H. Dabiri. 2018. The role of bacteria in the inflammatory bowel disease development: a narrative review. APMIS: acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica 126,275-283.
4- Babu K.N., M.K. Rajesh, K. Samsudeen, D. Minoo, E.J. Suraby, K. Anupama and P. Ritto. 2014. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and derived techniques. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, NJ) 1115,191-209.
5- Baharsefat M., A. Amjadi, P. Ahourai, B. Yamini, F. Entessar and H. Hedayati. 1972. Paratuberculosis in goats and sheep in Iran. Epidemiological, clinical, pathological features and laboratory diagnosis. Archive of Razi Institute 24,49-61.
6- Biet F., I.A. Sevilla, T. Cochard, L.H. Lefrancois, J.M. Garrido, I. Heron, R.A. Juste, J. McLuckie, V.C. Thibault, P. Supply, D.M. Collins, M.A. Behr and K. Stevenson. 2012. Inter- and intra-subtype genotypic differences that differentiate Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis strains. BMC microbiology 12,264.
7- Bryant J.M., V.C. Thibault, D.G. Smith, J. McLuckie, I. Heron, I.A. Sevilla, F. Biet, S.R. Harris, D.J. Maskell, S.D. Bentley, J. Parkhill and K. Stevenson. 2016. Phylogenomic exploration of the relationships between strains of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. BMC genomics 17,79.
8- Castellanos E., L. de Juan, L. Dominguez and A. Aranaz. 2012. Progress in molecular typing of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. Research in veterinary science 92,169-179.
9- Filliol I., A.S. Motiwala, M. Cavatore, W. Qi, M.H. Hazbon, M. Bobadilla del Valle, J. Fyfe, L. Garcia-Garcia, N. Rastogi, C. Sola, T. Zozio, M.I. Guerrero, C.I. Leon, J. Crabtree, S. Angiuoli, K.D. Eisenach, R. Durmaz, M.L. Joloba, A. Rendon, J. Sifuentes-Osornio, A. Ponce de Leon, M.D. Cave, R. Fleischmann, T.S. Whittam and D. Alland. 2006. Global phylogeny of Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis: insights into tuberculosis evolution, phylogenetic accuracy of other DNA fingerprinting systems, and recommendations for a minimal standard SNP set. Journal of bacteriology 188,759-772.
10- Garvey M. 2018. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: A possible causative agent in human morbidity and risk to public health safety. Open veterinary journal 8,172-181.
11- Gerrard Z.E., B.M.C. Swift, G. Botsaris, R.S. Davidson, M.R. Hutchings, J.N. Huxley and C.E.D. Rees. 2018. Survival of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in retail pasteurised milk. Food microbiology 74,57-63.
12- Haghkhah M., A. Derakhshandeh, R. Jamshidi, A. Moghiseh, N. Karimaghaei, M. Ayaseh and M. Mostafaei. 2015. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in two different camel species by conventional and molecular techniques. Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal 6,337-341.
13- Juste R.A., P. Vazquez, O. Ruiz-Larranaga, M. Iriondo, C. Manzano, M. Agirre, A. Estonba, M.V. Geijo, E. Molina, I.A. Sevilla, M. Alonso-Hearn, N. Gomez, V. Perez, A. Cortes and J.M. Garrido. 2018. Association between combinations of genetic polymorphisms and epidemiopathogenic forms of bovine paratuberculosis. Heliyon 4,e00535.
14- Keshavarz R., N. Mosavari, K. Tadayon and M. Haghkhah. 2018. Effectiveness of an inactivated paratuberculosis vaccine in Iranian sheep flocks using the Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis 316F strain. Iranian Journal of Microbiology 10,117-122.
15- Larsson A. 2014. AliView: a fast and lightweight alignment viewer and editor for large datasets. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 30,3276-3278.
16- Leão C., R.J. Goldstone, J. Bryant, J. McLuckie, J. Inácio, D.G.E. Smith and K. Stevenson. 2016. Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-Based Assay for Genotyping Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Journal of Clinical Nicrobiology 54,556-564.
17- Lekota K.E., A. Hassim, P. Rogers, E.H. Dekker, R. Last, L. de Klerk-Lorist and H. van Heerden. 2018. The reporting of a Bacillus anthracis B-clade strain in South Africa after more than 20 years. BMC research notes 11,264.
18- McIntyre K.M., C. Setzkorn, P.J. Hepworth, S. Morand, A.P. Morse and M. Baylis. 2014. A quantitative prioritisation of human and domestic animal pathogens in Europe. PloS one 9,e103529.
19- Pierce E.S. 2018. Could Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis cause Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis...and colorectal cancer? Infectious agents and cancer 13,1.
20- Sekhavati M., K. Tadayon, R. Ghaderi, R. Banihashemi, A.R. Jabbari, G. Shokri and N. Karimnasab. 2015. “In-house” production of DNA size marker from a vaccinal Bacillus anthracis strain. Iranian journal of microbiology 7,45-49.
21- Sevilla I., J.M. Garrido, M. Geijo and R.A. Juste. 2007. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile homogeneity of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from cattle and heterogeneity of those from sheep and goats. BMC microbiology 7,18.
22- Tadayon K., N. Mosavari, R. Keshavarz, A. Shahmoradi, R. Ghaderi, M. Sekhavati and M.H. M. 2016. Paratuberculosis in ruminants, a molecular search for traces of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis type i and type ii in iran. Veterinary Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi) 29,89-95.
23- Talatchian M. 1965. First report of Johne's disease in Iran. Bulletin-Office international des epizooties 64,779.
24- Wynne J.W., T. Seemann, D.M. Bulach, S.A. Coutts, A.M. Talaat and W.P. Michalski. 2010. Resequencing the Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis K10 genome: improved annotation and revised genome sequence. Journal of bacteriology 192,6319-6320.
25- Zarei Kordshouli F., A. Khodakaram Tafti and M. Haghkhah. 2016. Pathological, bacteriological, and molecular characteristics of natural outbreaks of Johne's disease in goats of Fars Province, Iran. International journal of mycobacteriology 5 Suppl 1,S202.