الگوی غلظت هگزاکلروسیکلوهگزان‌ها در بافت های کلیه، عضله، چربی و موی شغال طلایی (Canis aureus)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

2 استاد گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

4 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

در این تحقیق غلظت هگزاکلروسیکلوهگزان‌ها (HCHs) و متابولیت‌هایش شامل α-HCH ،β–HCH و γ-HCH در بافت‌های کلیه، عضله، چربی و موی از 21 قلاده شغال طلایی از استان مازندران بررسی شد. آنالیز با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی با گیرنده الکترون انجام شد. متابولیت α-HCH بیشترین غلظت (64 درصد) را در متابولیت‌های (HCHs) در تمام بافت‌ها داشت. مقادیر به دست‌آمده از نسبت β-HCH/ΣHCH در بافت‌ها می‌تواند نشان‌دهنده این مطلب باشد که اخیراً در منطقه مورد مطالعه از آفت‌کش‌های هگزاکلروسیکلوهگزان و لیندان استفاده شده است. این مطالعه اطلاعات مفید و پایه‌ای را برای انجام تحقیقات مشابه بر روی سایر پستانداران ایران ارائه می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Concentration pattern of hexachlorocyclohexanes in kidney, muscle, fat and hair tissues of golden jackal, Canis aureus

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Malvandi 1
  • A. Esmaili Sari 2
  • N. Bahramifar 3
  • Seyed Mahmood Ghasempouri 4
1 Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University.
2 Department of Environmental, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Environmental, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Environmental, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, the concentration of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and their metabolites including, α-HCH, β–HCH and γ-HCH were determined in kidney, muscle, fat and hair tissues in 21 golden jackal (Canis aureus) from Mazandaran province. Analyses were carried out by Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD).The metabolite α-HCH showed the highest concentration (64%) in all tissues. The values obtained from the ratio of β-HCH/ΣHCH in all samples can indicate that the HCHs and Lindane pesticides have been recently used in the studied area. This study provides useful and basic information for carrying out similar studies on other mammals in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • hexachlorocyclohexane
  • Kidney
  • muscle
  • fat
  • Hair
  • jackal
1- Pandit, G.G., S. K. Sahu, S. Sharma, and Puranik, V.D. (2006). Distribution and fate of persistent organochlorine pesticide in coastal marine environment of Mumbai. Environ. Inter, 32: 240-243.
2- Sankar, T.V., A.A. Zynudheen, R. Anandan, and Nair, P.G.V. (2006). Distribution of organochlorine pesticide and heavy metal residue in fish and shelfish from Calicute Region, Kerala, India. Chemosphere, 65: 583-590.
3- Shore, R.F., A. Casulli, V. Bologov, C.L. Wienburg, A. Afsar, P. Toyne, and DellOmo, G. (2001). Organochlorine pesticide, polychlorinated biphenyl and heavy metal concentrations in wolves
(Canis lupus L.1758) from North-West Russia. Sci. Total. Environ, 280: 45-54.
4- Ostrea, E., E. Villanueva-Uy, D.M. Bielawski, N.C. Posecion, M.L. Corrion, Y. Jin, J.J. Janisse, and Ager, J.W. (2006). Maternal hair an appropriate matrix for detecting maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy. Environ. Research, 101: 312-322.
5- Tadeo, J. (2008). Analysis of Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples. Taylor & Francies Group, 334 p.
6- Chen, W., L. Zhang, L. Xu, X. Wang, L. Hong, and Hong, H. (2002). Residue levels of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs in shellfish from coastal areas of east Xiamen Island and Minjiang Estuary, China. Marine Pollut. Bull, 45: 385–390.
7- Zhang, H., Z. Chai, and Sun, H. (2007). Human hair as a potential biomonitor for assessing persistent organic pollutants. Environ. Inter, 33: 685-693.
8- ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry). (1997). Toxicological profile for α-,β-,γ-, and δ-hexachlorocyclohexane;
9- Covaci, A., Ph. Jorens, Y. Jacquemyn, and Schepens, P. (2002). Distribution of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in Umbilical Cord and Maternal Serum. Sci. Total. Environ, 298: 45-53.
10- Esmaili-Sari, A. (2002). Pollution, health and environmental standards. Naghsh Mehre Tehran. 769 p.
11- Zhou, R., L. Zhu, Y. Chen, and Kong, Q. (2008). Concentration and Characteristics of Organochlorine Pesticides in Aquatic Biota from Qiantang River in China. Environ. Pollut, 151: 190-199.
12- Fuglei, E., J.O. Bustnes, H. Hop, T. Mørk, H. Bjornfoth, and Van Bavel, B. (2007). Environmental contaminants in Arctic Foxes (Alopex lagopus) in Svalbard: relationships with feeding ecology and body condition. Environ. Pollut, 146: 128-138.
13- Hoekstra, P.F., B.M. Braune, T.M., O’Hara, B. Elkin, K.R. Solomon, and Muir, D.C.G. (2003). Organochlorine contaminant and stable isotope profiles in Arctic Fox (Alopex lagopus) from the Alaskan and Canadian Arctic. Environ. Pollut, 122: 423–433.
14- Dip, R.D. Hegglin, P. Deplazes, O. Dafflon, H. Koch, and Naegeli, H. (2003). Age- and sex- dependent distribution of persistent organochlorine pollutants in urban foxes. Environ. Health Persp, 111(13): 1608-1613.
15- Flatchen, T., and Muller, P. (2005) Investigations on the contamination of red fox (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) in the Saarland with chlorinated hydrocarbons, Z. Jagdwiss, 42: 214-225.
16- Corsolini, S., S. Focardi, C. Leonzio, S. Lovari, F. Monaci, and Romeo, G. (1999). Heavy metals and chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in the red fox in relation to some biological parameters. Environ. Monit. Assess, 54: 87-100.
17- Gamberg, M., and Braune, B. M. (1999). Contaminant residue levels in arctic wolves (Canis lupus) from the Yukon territory, Canada. Sci. Total. Environ, 243/244: 329-338.
18- Malvandi H., S.M. Ghasempouri, A. Esmaili-Sari and Bahramifar, N. (2010a). Evaluation of the suitability of application of golden jackal (Canis aureus) hair as a noninvasive technique for determination of body burden mercury. Ecotoxicol, 19: 997–1002.
19- Malvandi, H., Esmaili-Sari, A., N. Bahramifar, and Ghasempouri, S.M. (2010b). Determination of persistent organic pollutants residues in liver of golden jackal (Canis aureus) collected from central coastline of Iran. Veterinary journal, 21 (4):71-79.
20- Covaci, A., J.J. Ryan, and Schepens, P. (2002). Patterns of PCBs and PCDD/PCDFs in chicken and pork fat following a Belgian food contamination incident. Chemosphere, 47: 207–217.
21- Covaci, A., and Schepens, P. (2001). Chromatographic aspects of the analysis of selected persistent organochlorine pollutants in human hair. Chromatographia, 53, 366-371.
22- Gonzalez-Barros, S.T.C., M.E. Alvarez-Piñeiro, J. Simal-Lozano, and Lage-Yusty, M.A. (2000). Organochlorine pesticides in Wolves from Galicia. Ecotoxicol .Environ. Safe, 45 :247- 252.
23- Hoshi, H., N. Minamotot, H. Iwatas, K. Shiraki, R. Tatsukawas, S. Tanabez, S. Fujitas, K. Hirai, and Kinjor, T. (1997). Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in wild terrestrial mammals and birds from Chubu Region, Japan: Interspecies comparison of the residue levels and compositions. Chemosphere, 36: 3211-3221.
24- Schramm, K. W. (2008). Hair biomonitoring of organic pollutants. Chemosphere, 72: 1103-1111.
25- Kunisue, T., N. Takayanagi, T. Tsubota, and Tanabe, S. (2007). Persistent organochlorines in raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) from Japan: Hepatic sequestration of oxychlordane. Chemosphere, 66: 203–211.