ارزیابی ارتباط بین اسیدهای چرب و تجمع فلزات سنگین (کادمیوم، سرب، جیوه و مس) در بافت عضله، کبد و پوست ماهی اوزون برون (Acipenser stellatus) در سواحل جنوب غربی و شرقی دریای مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد قائم‌‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران

3 دانش‌‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ، آمل، ایران

چکیده

در این مطالعه حضور حاد فلزات سنگین کادمیوم، سرب، جیوه و مس در بافت‌‌های عضله، کبد و پوست ماهیان اوزون‌‌برون در سواحل جنوب شرقی و غربی دریای مازندران (استان‌‌های مازندران وگلستان) بررسی ‌‌شد. در این پژوهش به بررسی ارتباط تجمع فلزات سنگین و چربی و اسیدهای چرب بافت‌‌های این گونه‌‌ی‌ بسیار با ارزش و پرطرفدار از ماهیان خاویاری پرداخته‌‌شده است. نتایج نشان داد که در عضله‌‌ی ماهی، تمام این فلزات سنگین در محدوده‌‌ی مجاز مصرف قرار دارند و بین فیله‌‌ی دو ناحیه اختلافی وجود ندارد (05/0 > p)؛ لیکن غلظت عناصر سنگین در کبد بیشتر از پوست و عضله می‌‌باشد (05/0 > p). در هردو ساحل جنوب شرقی و غربی در بافت کبد ماهی اوزون‌‌برون مقادیر کادمیوم (22/0 و 26/0 میکروگرم بر گرم) بالاتر از محدوده‌‌ی مجاز ارزیابی شدند. مقادیر جیوه در پوست هردو ساحل جنوب شرقی و غربی بالاتر از سایر اندام‌‌ها بود، به‌‌طوری‌‌که در پوست ماهی اوزون‌‌برون به ترتیب 11/0 تا 42/0 میکروگرم بر گرم بود. همچنین تجمع فلزات سنگین در نمونه‌‌های صیدشده از سواحل جنوب غربی (مازندران) بیشتر از سواحل جنوب شرقی (گلستان) بوده‌‌است. الگوی تجمع فلزات سنگین در عضله‌‌ی ماهی با اندام‌‌های کبد و پوست متفاوت بود. از سوی دیگر، مجموع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع (UFA) در بافت اوزون‌‌برون در سواحل جنوب‌‌ غرب و شرق به ترتیب 12/89 و 84/80 گرم بر 100 گرم بود(05/0 > p). مجموع اسیدهای چرب سری امگا-3 در سواحل مذکور به ترتیب 45/18 و 42/13 گرم بر 100 گرم بود (05/0 > p). همچنین بین میزان عناصر سنگین و میزان اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع در اندام‌‌های مختلف ماهیان خاویاری همبستگی وجود داشت. این ارتباط در بافت‌‌های کبد (۸۲۴/۰ = R2)، پوست (۸۱۸/۰ = R2) و عضله (0.627 = R2) ماهیان خاویاری همبستگی مثبتی داشت؛ برعکس با افزایش اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 در فیله، تجمع فلزات سنگین کاهش یافت (0.021 = R2). نتایج به‌‌دست آمده همچنین بیان‌‌گر سالم بودن نسبی ماهیان اوزون برون و عدم آلودگی شدید این ماهیان به عناصر سنگین می‌‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Relationship between Fatty acids and Heavy Metals Accumulation (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu) in Fillet, Liver and Skin Tissues of Stellet Sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) in Southwest and Southeast of Caspian Sea

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Hedayatifard 1
  • M. Khavarpour 2
  • N. Oroumi 3
1 Fisheries Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box: 163, Qaemshahr, Iran
2 Department of Chemistry Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology,
3 Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Study of acute accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Hg and Cu) in tissues of fillet, liver and skin of stellate sturgeons was done in Southwest (SW) and Southeast (SE) coasts (Mazandaran and Golestan provinces) of Caspian Sea. In this study the relationship between tissues heavy metals accumulation and fatty acids were investigated, in such valuable and popular sturgeon species. The results showed that all measured heavy metals were in standard range and there was no difference between the two area (p<0.05), but heavy metals concentration in fish liver was more than that in fillet and skin (p<0.05). The Cd in the fish liver was higher than the acceptable range in both SE and SW coasts (0.22 and 0.26 µg/g, respectively) (p<0.05). Hg amounts were higher in the stellate surgeon skin than in other organs in both SE and SW coasts, (0.11 and 0.42 µg/g, respectively). Also, in SW coast samples, the heavy metals accumulation was higher than in SE. The pattern of heavy metals accumulation in the fish fillet was different from liver and skin. On the other hand, total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) were 89.12 and 80.84 g/100g in samples of SW and SE coasts, respectively (p<0.05). Total omega-3 was 18.45 and 13.42 g/100g, respectively (p<0.05) in the same samples. In addition, there was a specified relationship in different organs between fish fatty acids and amounts of heavy metals. This relationship was a positive correlation in tissues of liver (R2 = 0.824), skin (R2 = 0.818) and fillet (R2 = 0.627) of the sturgeon fish. On the contrary, the heavy metals decreased according to increase in omega-3 fatty acids in sturgeon fillet (R2 = 0.021) . The results also indicated that stellate sturgeon had relative safety and non-hyper contamination by heavy metals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Caspian Sea
  • fatty acids
  • heavy metals
  • Stellate sturgeon
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