1- Bergey´s Manual of systematic Bacteriology. (1989) Volume 2: 1179-1182.##
2- Buxton, D., Linklater, K.A. and Dyson, D.A. (1978) Pulpy kidney disease and its diagnosis by histological examination. Veterinary Record, 102, pp: 241. ##
3- Buxton, D., Morgan, K.T. (1976). Studies of the lesions produced in the brain of colostrum deprived lambs by Clostridium welchii (Clostridium perfringens) type D toxin. Journal Comparative Pathology, 86, pp: 435–47.##
4- Campbell, L.A. and Kronfeld, D.S. (1961) Estimation of low concentrations of plasma glucose using glucose oxidase. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 22, pp: 587-590. ##
5- Castex, F., Jouvert, S., Bastide, M., Corthier, G. (1994) Kinetics of appearance of intestinal lesions in mice mono-associated with a lethal or non-lethal strain of Clostridium difficile. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 40 (2), pp: 102–109.##
6- European Pharmacopoeia. (2012). Seventh Edition, Volume 1-2, 881.##
7- Fernandez-Miyakawa, M.E., Sayeed, S., Fisher, D.J., Poon, R., Adams, V., et al. (2007) Development and application of an oral challenge mouse model for studying Clostridium perfringens type D infection. Infection and Immunity, 75, pp: 4282–4288.##
8- Finnie, J.W. (1984) Histopathological changes in the brain of mice given Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 94 (3), pp: 363-70.##
9- Finnie, J.W., Hajduk, P. (1992) An immunohistochemical study of plasma albumin extravasation in the brain of mice after the administration of Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin. Australian veterinary journal, 69 (10), pp: 261–262.##
10- Frerichs, G.N. and Gray, A.K. (1975) The relationship between rabbit potency test and response of sheep to clostridial vaccines. Research in Veterinary Science, 18, pp: 70-75.##
11- Gardner, D.E. (1973) Pathology of Clostridium welchii type D enterotoxaemia. Biochemical and hematological alterations in lambs. Journal Comparative Pathology, 83, pp: 499–529.##
12- Gardner, D.E. (1973) Pathology of Clostridium welchii type D enterotoxaemia Basis of the hyperglycemic response. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 83 (4), pp: 525–529.##
13- Griner, L.A. (1961) Enterotoxemia of sheep. Effects of Clostridium perfringens type D toxin on the brains of sheep and mice. American Journal of veterinary research, 22, pp: 429–442.##
14- Goldstein, J., Morris, W.E., Loidl, C.F., Tironi-Farinatti, C., McClane, B.A., et al. (2009) Clostridium perfringens Epsilon Toxin Increases the Small Intestinal Permeability in Mice and Rats. Plos One, 4(9), e7065. ##
15- Gurjar, A.A., Hegde, N.V., Love, B.C. and Jayarao, B.M. (2008) Real-time multiplex PCR assay for rapid detection and toxinotyping of Clostridium perfringens toxin producing strains in feces of dairy cattle. Molecular and cellular Probes, 22, pp: 90–95.##
16- Hartley, W.J. (1956) A focal symmetrical encephalomalacia of lambs. New Zealand veterinary Journal, 4, pp: 129–35.##
17- Hatheway, C.L., Johnson, E.A. and Aruold, E. (1998) Toply & Wilson’s Principles of bacteriology, Virology and immunity: Systematic bacteriology. Chapter 32: clostridium: the spore-bearing anaerobes. Vol 2, pp: 732-785.##
18- Heikinheimo, A. (2008) Diagnostics and molecular epidemiology of CPE-positive clostridium perfringens type A. academic dissertation, University of Helsinki, pp: 1-76.##
19- Itodo, A.E., Umoh, J.U., Adekeye, J.O., Odugbo, M.O., Haruna, G. and Sugun, M.Y. (2009). Field trial of sodium alginate-adsorbed Clostridium Perfringens types C and D toxoid against clostridial enterotoxemia in sheep. Israel Journal on Veterinary medicine, Vol, 64, No, 1.##
20- Iwao, O. and Yoshiharu O. (1984) Histopathological Effect of Botulinum C2 Toxin on Mouse Intestines. Infection and Immunity, 43 (1) pp: 54-58.##
21- Komoriya, T., Hashimoto, A., Shinozaki, A., Inoue, M. and Kohno, H. (2007) Study on Partial Purification of α-Toxin Produced from Obligate Anaerobe Clostridium perfringens. Report of the Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 88, pp: 1-11.##
22- Lindsay, J.A., Dennison, J.D. (1986) Histopathological effect of clostridium perfringens 8-6 enterotoxin on rabbit intestine. Current microbiology, 13, pp: 61-66.##
23- McClane, B.A. (1996) An overview of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. Toxicon, 34, pp: 1335-1343.##
24- Miyashiro, S., Nassar, A.F.C., Del Fava, C., Cabral, A.D., Silva, M. (2007) Clostridium perfringens types A and D associated with enterotoxemia in an 18-month-old goat. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Disease, 13, 4, pp: 885-893.##
25- Nagahama, M., Sakurai, J. (1991) Distribution of labeled Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin in mice. Toxicon, 29 (2), pp: 211–217.##
26- Ochoa, R. and Kern, S. R. (1980) The Effects of Clostridium perfringens Type A Enterotoxin in Shetland Ponies-Clinical, Morphologic and Clinicopathologic Changes. Veterinary Pathology, 17, pp: 738-747. ##
27- Olad, G., Saadati, M., Kamali, M., Tavalaei, M., Pilechyan, R., Musavi, M. (2004) Detection and typing of Clostridium perfringens type B with PCR. Second Congress of defense against biological agents, Tehran, Iran.##
28- Orienstein, W.A., Bernier, R.H. and Hinman, A.R. (1988) Assessing vaccine efficacy in the field. Further observation. Epidemiologic Review, 10, pp: 212-241.##
29- Peat, J., Barton, B. (2005) Medical Statistics: A Guide to Data Analysis and Critical Appraisal, First edition. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ##
30- Saadati, M., Olad, G., Kamali, M., Tavalaei, M., Pilechyan, R., Musavi, M. (2004) Detection and typing of Clostridium perfringens type C with PCR. Second Congress of defense against biological agents, Tehran, Iran.##
31- Songer, J.G. (1996) Clostridial enteric diseases of domestic animals. Clinical Microbial Review, 9(2), pp: 216-34.##
32- Suchow, M.A., Danneman, P., Brayton, C. (2001) The laboratory mouse, First Edition. Pp: 8-9. CRC Press LIC.##
33- Thrall, M.A., Weiser, G., Allison, R., Campbell, T.W. (2012) Veterinary hematology and clinical chemistry, Wiley- Blackwell LTD.##
34- Uzal, F.A. (2004) Diagnosis of Clostridium perfringens intestinal infections in sheep and goats. Anaerobe, 10, pp: 135–143.##
35- Uzal, F.A., Kelly, W.R., Morris W.E., Bermudez, J., Baiso´n, M. (2004) The pathology of peracute experimental Clostridium perfringens type D enterotoxemia in sheep. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 16, pp: 403–411.##
36- Wasinski, B. (2007) Contribution of Clostridium perfringens type A with β2 toxin gene in etiology of porcine enteric diseases. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 51, pp: 509-513.##
37- Wojdat, E., Kwiatek, K. and Kozak, M. (2006) Occurrence and characterization of some Clostridium species isolated from animal feeding stuffs. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 50, pp: 63-67.##
38- Yoo, H.S., Lee, S.U., Park, K.Y. and Park, Y.H. (1997)Molecular Typing and Epidemiological Survey of Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens Types by Multiplex PCR. Journal of clinical microbiology, 35(1), pp: 228-232.##
)
