بررسی آلودگی فصلی به کنه‌های سخت در نشخوارکنندگان کوچک شهرستان دیوانده، استان کردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

گونه‌های کنه‌های سخت فراوان‌ترین کنه‌های آلوده‌کننده نشخوارکنندگان در ایران هستند. هدف از این مطالعه، تعیین گونه‌های کنه‌های سخت آلوده‌کننده نشخوارکنندگان کوچک در شهرستان دیواندره در استان کردستان بود. این مطالعه در چهارفصل از بهار سال 1398 تا بهار سال 1399 صورت گرفت. درمجموع تعداد 398 کنه سخت از 240 رأس نشخوارکننده کوچک (120 رأس گوسفند و 120 رأس بز) جدا و شناسایی شدند. در این مطالعه، فراوانی آلودگی با کنه‌های سخت 75/48 درصد (71 رأس گوسفند (58/29درصد) و 46 رأس بز (16/19درصد)) بود. بیشترین فراوانی آلودگی کنه‌های سخت در دام‌های یک سال و بیشتر بود. ارتباط فراوانی آلودگی کنه‌های سخت در گروه‌های سنی مختلف گوسفندان و بزها معنی‌دار بود. کنه‌های سخت شناسایی‌شده پنج گونه از چهار جنس هیالوما، رپی سفالوس و درماسنتور و همافیزالیس شامل هیالوما اسیاتیکوم آسیاتیکوم (93/36درصد)، رپی سفالوس بورسا (89/28درصد)، و درماسنتور مارژیناتوس (85/21درصد) و همافیزالیس اینرمیس (54/9درصد) و هیالوما آناتولیکوم آناتولیکوم (76/2درصد) بودند. شاخص تعداد کنه به دام‌ها 4/3 بود. فراوانی آلودگی کنه‌ای در فصول مختلف سال معنی‌دار بود و بیشترین میزان شیوع کنه‌ها در فصل بهار بود. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که آلودگی کنه‌های سخت در گوسفندان و بزهای شهرستان دیواندره شایع بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A survey of seasonal infestation with hard ticks on small ruminants in Divandareh suburb, Kurdistan province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khosrow Arghavani
  • Farnaz Malekifard
  • Mohammad Yakhchali
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Ticks are important ectoparasites in animals which causes economic losses in animal husbandry of Iran and worldwide. This study was aimed to determine frequency and species diversity of hard ticks in sheep and goats in Divandareh suburb, Kurdistan province, Iran. A total of 240 small ruminants (120 sheep, 120 goats) were randomly selected and examined from spring 2019 to spring 2020. Ixodid ticks were collected from body surface of examined animals and identified. Of all examined animals, 28.58% sheep, and 19.16% goats were infested with a total number of 398 ixodid ticks. The highest prevalence of hard ticks was found in ≥1 years-old animals in the region. There was significant difference between prevalence and different age and sex groups of infested animals. Of all examined ticks (398), four genera including Hyalomma spp., Rhipicephalus spp ., Dermacentor spp. and Haemaphysalis spp. with five species. i.e. H. asiaticum asiaticum (36.93%), Rhipicephalus bursa (28.89%) and Dermacentor marginatus (21.85%) , Haemaphysalis  inermis (9.54%) and Hyalomma anatolicum (2.76%) were identified. Ixodid ticks’ infestations occurred throughout the year with the highest prevalence in spring. There was significant difference between prevalence of hard ticks and seasons in this study. Tick indices (tick number per animal) were 3.4.  Based on our results, it is concluded that ixodid tick infections were prevalent among sheep and goats in Divandareh suburb, Kurdistan province, Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Divandareh suburb
  • goats
  • sheep
  • Ticks
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