تاثیر رژیم‌های حاوی روی در تولک بری اجباری بر عملکرد، کیقیت تخم‌مرغ و اندام های داخلی مرغان تخم‌گذار

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

گروه علوم دامی، واحد کاشمر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کاشمر، ایران

چکیده

این آزمایش با هدف بررسی تولک بری اجباری با رژیم‌های حاوی روی بعنوان روش جایگزین قطع خوراک بر عملکرد، کیفیت تخم‌مرغ و وضعیت اندام‌های داخلی مرغان تخم‌گذار در سن ۸۰ هفتگی انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت طرح کاملا تصادفی با پنج تیمار شامل جیره پایه به علاوه 1% اکسید روی، 1% استات روی، 5/1% اکسید روی و 5/1% استات روی و چهار تکرار و پنج مشاهده در هر تکرار اجرا گردید. ‌تیمارها به منظور القای تولک، به مدت ۱۰ روز اعمال شدند. وزن مرغ‌ها پیش و پس از تولک بری، مصرف خوراک، تولید تخم‌مرغ، کیفیت تخم‌مرغ، وزن اندام‌های تولید‌مثلی و غیر تولید‌مثلی پرنده و میزان انباشت روی در کبد و کلیه اندازه‌گیری شد. داده‌ها تجزیه واریانس و میانگین‌ها به روش دانکن مقایسه  شدند. کاهش وزن بدن و مصرف خوراک در همه تیمارها مشاهده شد. تولید تخم‌مرغ در هفته سوم به طور کامل در همه تیمارها قطع شد. پس از پایان تولک بری، در تیمار 1% اکسید روی‌ بازگشت به تولید زودتر از سایر تیمارها بود. بعد از تولک بری مقاومت پوسته با اعمال 5/1% استات روی افزایش یافت (05/0>P). وزن تخمدان در رژیم غذایی 5/1%  اکسید روی نسبت به سایر تیمارها کاهش یافت (05/0>P). تولک بری با مکمل روی،‌ سبب افزایش انباشت روی در کبد و کلیه شد. رژیم‌های غذایی حاوی روی سبب تولک بری کامل و بهبود کیفیت پوسته تخم‌مرغ شد.1% اکسید روی سبب بازگشت سریع‌تر به تولید و انباشت کمتر روی در بدن گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of zinc-containing diets on performance, egg quality and internal organs of laying hens

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Vakili
  • F. Ashrafi
Department of Animal Sciences, Kashmar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmar, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this experiment was to investigation the effects of zinc-containing molting diets as alternative to the conventional feed withdrawal method, on performance,egg quality and the status of the internal organs of laying hens at 80 weeks of age. Experiment was carried out as a complete randomized design with 5 treatments, four replication and five samples in each replication. Treatments were include: molting diet+ 1% zinc oxide, molting diet+ 1.5 % zinc, molting diet+ 1% zinc acetate, molting diet+ 1.5 % zinc acetate, molting diet. Treatments were applied for 10 days to induce molting. Hens were weighted before and after molting, feed intake, egg production rate, egg production,egg quality, reproductive and non-eproductive organs weight and zinc accumulation in kidney and liver were measured. Data analyzed with ANOVA and the means were compared with Duncan multiple range test. Body weight loss and decline in feed intake were observed in all treatments. Egg production stopped after three weeks, in all treatments. After molting, egg production of birds on 1% ZnO egg production sooner than the other treatments. After molting, Egg shell breaking strength increased applying 1.5% zinc acetate. Ovary weight (as % of body weight) decreased using 1.5 % zinc acetate. Zinc bioaccumulation increased in liver and kidney applying zinc treatments. Force Molting with a diet containing 1% zinc oxide is recommended. Zinc-containing diets resulted to complete egg molting and improved egg shell quality. 1% zinc oxide resulted to faster return to egg production and less zinc bioaccumulation in the body.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Force Molting
  • Feed intake
  • Egg quality
  • Ovary weight
  • Zinc Bioaccumulation
1. Al-Kirkuki, S., K. Abdulla Ali .2012. Effect of force molting by zinc oxide and the role of vitamin c on body weight and reentry to production of broiler breeder. Mesoptamia. Journal of Agriculure. 40 (2): 9-18.
2. AOAC International. 2019. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 21th ed. (Gaithersburg, MD,AOAC Int.).
3. Andreattiilho R.L., E.L. Milbradt, A.S. OkamotoSilva, T.M.Vellano, I.H.B.Gross, L.S.Oro and C.S.HatakaA. Salmonella Enteritidis infection, corticosterone levels, performance and egg quality in laying hens submitted to different methods of molting. Poultry Science.98(10):4416-4425.
4. Aziz S.R.,A.S. Shaker, and S.M.S. Kirkuki. 2017.Changes in External Egg Traits of Chickens during Pre- and Post-Molting Periods. Poultry Science Journal.5 (2): 91-95.
5. Bar, A.,V. Razaphkovsky, D. Shinder, and E. Vax . 2003. Alternative procedures for molt induction: Practical aspects. Poultry Science 82:543–550.
6. Berry, W. D. 2003. The physiology of induced molting. Poultry Science Journal, 82: 971-980.
7. Bughdadi, F.A. 2014. Egg production and quality in zinc propionate-molted hens with reference to certain blood and tissue chemical parameters. Global Journal of Pharmacology 8 (1): 20-25.
8. Domingues, C. H. de F., S. Sgavioli, M. F. F. M. Praes, D. M. C. Castiblanco, P. C. A Marchizeli, A. A. Pereira. K. F .Duarte and O. M. Junqueira .2014. Use of nicarbazin, salinomycin and zinc oxide as alternative molting methods for commercial laying hens. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. 16 (2): 25-30.
9. Duman, M., A. Sekeroglu, A., Yildirim, H. Eleroglu, and O. Camci. (2016). Relation between egg shape index and egg quality characteristics. European Poultry Science.80:1-9.
10. Hassanabadi, A. and H. Kermanshahi. 2007. Effect of force molting on post-molt performance of laying hens. International Journal Poultry Science. 6:630-633.
11. Hu, J. Y. ,P. Y. Hester, Y Xiong, R. S. Gates, and H. W. Cheng.2019. Effect of cooled perches on the efficacy of an induced molt in White Leghorn laying hens previously exposed to heat stress. Poultry Science.98(10):4290-4300.
12. Khan, R.U., Z. Nikousefat , M. Javdani and V. Tufarelli.2011. Zinc-induced moulting: production and physiology. World's Poultry Science Journal.67(3):497-506.
13. Keshavarz, K. and Quimby, F. 2002.An investigation of different molting techniques with an emphasis on animal welfare. Journal Applied Poultry Research, 11: 54-67.
14. Koelkebeck, K.W., C.M., Parsons, P. Biggs, and P. Utterback. 2006. Non withdrawal molting programs. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 15: 483–491.
15.Kubena, L. F., Y. M. Kwon, J. A. Byrd, C. L. Woodward, R. W. Moore, R. L. Ziprin, R. C. Anderson, D. J. Nisbet, S. C. Ricke.2001. Drinking water treatment and dietary treatment effects on Salmonella enteritidis in Leghorn hens during forced molt. Poultry Science. 80(1):88.
16. Machebe, N. S., P. A. Iweh, E. Onyimonyi, O. S.Ekere, and F. Abonyi.2013. Zinc oxide as an effective mineral for induced molting: effects on post molt performance of laying hens in the humid tropics. Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. S11: 003.
17. Moradpour, Z.,S. Salari, M. R., Ghorbani, and M.Sari .2016. The effect of different methods of force molting on immune response, some biochemical parameters and reproductive traits of layers.Iranian Veterinary Journal.12(1):78-87.(In Farsi).
18. Moradpour, Z., S. Salari, M. R., Ghorbani, and M.Sari.2016.The effect of different methods of force molting on performance and egg quality of laying hens. Journal of Animal Production. 18(2):261-272.(In Farsi).
19. Shahrami, E. and M. Rezaian. 2015. An evaluation of alfalfa for molt induction on intestinal morphometric parameters and performance of commercial laying hens.. Journal of Veterinary Research.70(3):349-356. (In Farsi).
20. Shahrami, E.2017. Effect of fiber-rich molting diets on performance, gastro intestinal fermentation and microbial activity of laying hens. Iranian Journal of Animal Science.48(1):77-87. (In Farsi).
21. Park, S. Y.Woodward, C. L. Birkhold, S. G. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. and S. C. Ricke. 2002. In vitro comparison of anaerobic acid and aerobic growth response of Salmonella typhimurium to zinc addition. Journal Food Safety 22:219–229.
22. Park S. Y., S. G. Birkhold L. F. Kubena D. J. Nisbet and S. C. Ricke.2004a. Effects of high zinc diets using zinc propionate on molt induction, organs and post-molt egg production and quality in lying hens. Poultry Science. 83: 24-33.
23. Park, S.Y., W.K. Birkhold, S.G. Kubena, L.F. Nisbet and D.J. Ricke, 2004b. Using a feed-grade zinc propionate to achieve molt induction in laying hens and retain postmolt egg production and quality. Biology Trace Element Research 101(2): 165-79.
24. Yurong L., Y. Guo, S.Zhang, P.Li and P. Gao.2019. Improving effects of Epimedium flavonoids on the selected reproductive features in layer hens after forced molting. Poultry Science:99(5):2757-2765.