برآورد خسارات مستقیم کاهش تولید شیر ناشی از تب برفکی در دامداری‌های سنتی آذربایجان غربی(ایران) در سال‌های 1396 و 1397

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

1 گروه بهداشت و کنترل مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران ، ایران

2 دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 گروه بیماریهای درونی دام، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بیش از 85% جمعیت نشخوارکنندگان آذربایجان غربی در خانه‌های روستایی بصورت دامداری سنتی نگهداری می‌شوند. هرساله بخشی از این دامداری‌ها به علت تب برفکی متحمل خسارات سنگین اقتصادی می‌شوند. میزان این خسارات تاکنون بررسی نشده است. یکی از خسارات مهم مستقیم و قابل مشاهده تب برفکی، کاهش تولید شیر است. در ایران تنها یک مطالعه در یک گله شیری در جنوب ایران در این مورد انجام شده است. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی کاهش کوتاه مدت تولید شیر در دامداری‌های سنتی روستایی به روش مطالعه پیمایش پرسشنامه‌ای است. 111 دامداری دارای گاو و 24 دامداری دارای گوسفند و بز که به علت تب برفکی کاهش تولید شیر داشتند بررسی شدند. میانگین تولید شیر از هفته اول تا چهارم بعد از بیماری در گاوها به ترتیب 3/42، 7/50، 8/44 و 5/35 % و در گوسفندها و بزها به ترتیب 49، 41، 36 و 26% کاهش یافت. میانگین خسارت کاهش تولید شیر هر گاو شیری مبتلا 4,471,902 ریال، هر دامداری مبتلا 18,330,771ریال و کل خسارت کاهش تولید شیر گاوها 2,034,715,600 ریال برآورد شد. میانگین خسارت کاهش تولید شیر هر گوسفند و بز مبتلا 723,636 ریال، هر دامداری مبتلا 27,136,346 ریال، کل خسارت کاهش تولید شیر گوسفندها و بزها 651,272,300 ریال و کل خسارت کاهش کوتاه مدت تولید شیر دامداری‌های سنتی مورد مطالعه 2,685,987,900 ریال برآورد شد که معادل 3/43% کاهش از کل تولید شیر جمعیت گاوی و 38% تولید شیر جمعیت گوسفند و بز دامداری‌های سنتی مورد بررسی بود و خسارت سنگینی به حساب می‌آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of Direct milk loss due to Foot and Mouth Disease in small-holders of West Azerbaijan province (Iran) in 1396 and 1397

نویسندگان [English]

  • J. Emami 1
  • S. Bokaie 1
  • Y. Mohammadzadeh 2
  • S. Lotfolahzadeh 3
1 Department of Food hygiene and quality control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran
2 Faculty of Economics, Urmia University
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

More than 85% of the West Azerbaijan ruminant population are kept in households in villages. Every year some of these livestock suffer severe economic losses due to Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD). The extent of these losses has not yet been investigated. One of the major direct and visible losses of FMD is the decline in milk yield, which has so far only been studied in a dairy herd in southern Iran. The present survey investigated the short-term reduction of milk production in households in villages using a questionnaire survey method. 111 cattle and 24 sheep and goats keeping  households that had reduced milk production due to FMD were studied. The mean milk production in cows from the first to fourth week after disease decreased by 42.3%, 50.7%, 44.8% and 35.5% respectively, and in sheep and goats, 49%, 41%, 36% and 26%, respectively. Mean loss of milk production per affected cow was 4,471,902 Rials, per affected household was 18,330,771 Rials and the total milk loss of affected cows of survey in disease period was 2,034,715,600 Rials. Mean milk loss per affected sheep and goats was 723,635.9 Rials, per affected households was 27,136,345.8 Rials and total milk loss of affected sheep and goats in disease period was 651,272,300 Rials, which was 43.3% of the total cow milk production and 38% of sheep and goats milk production in households, which is considered to be a serious loss.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foot and Mouth disease
  • West Azerbaijan province
  • Milk loss
  • Cattle
  • Sheep and Goat

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 دی 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 اسفند 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 اسفند 1398

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