کارآیی جاذب ترکیبی مکمل شده با جیره غذایی در کاهش سمیت آفلاتوکسین ب1 و بهبود ایمنی ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهشکده مطالعات دریاچه ارومیه، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ، ایران

4 استادیار گروه بافت شناسی مقایسه‌ای، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی اثر غلظت‌های مختلف سم آفلاتوکسین ب1 و کارایی نوعی جاذب ترکیبی بر شاخص‌های خونی و بیوشیمیایی سرم خون و بافت کبد ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان انجام پذیرفت. به این منظور تعداد 414 قطعه بچه ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (20/1±67/9 گرم) در قالب 6 تیمار با جیره‌های حاوی 3 سطح آفلاتوکسین (ppb 0، 25 و 50) و دو سطح جاذب (صفر و 5 درصد) به مدت 60 روز پرورش داده شدند. در پایان آزمایش از نظر شاخص‌های خونی، اختلاف معنی داری بین تیمارهای مختلف مشاهده نشد (05/0<P). بیشترین و کمترین میزان آنزیم آلکالین فسفاتاز به ترتیب در تیمار حاوی 5 درصد جاذب – ppb 25 سم آفلاتوکسین ب1 و تیمار فاقد آفلاتوکسین و جاذب مشاهده شد (05/0≥P)، ولی فعالیت آنزیم‌های آسپارتات آمینو ترانسفراز و آلانین آمینو ترانسفراز سرم تحت تأثیر جاذب (5 درصد) کاهش یافت (05/0≥ P). همچنین اثر متقابل آفلاتوکسین و جاذب بر میزان شاخص‌های پروتئین کل و گلوبولین معنی‌دار بود، در حالیکه غلظت آلبومین سرم فقط تحت تأثیر جاذب قرار گرفت (05/0≥P). علاوه بر این با افزایش غلظت سم، شاخص کبدی کاهش یافت (05/0≥P). اتساع عروق خونی، تخریب سیتوپلاسم، تجمع خون، نفوذ سلول‌های ایمنی در کبد ماهیان تغذیه شده با آفلاتوکسین مشاهده شد که در تیمار ppb 50 شدت این آسیب‌ها افزایش یافت. در کل نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد آفلاتوکسین سبب تخریب بافت کبد و افزایش میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌های کبدی شد و جاذب مورد استفاده علیرغم بهبود شاخص‌های ایمنی، در برابر تغییرات آسیب شناختی اثر حفاظتی نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Capability of dietary supplementation of composite toxin binder in reducing aflatoxin B1 toxicity and its immunomodulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sairan Khani 1
  • Kourosh Sarvi Moghanlou 2
  • Ahmad Imani 2
  • Naser Agh 3
  • Mazdak Razi 4
1 MSc Graduate of Fisheries Science, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, I.R. of Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, I.R. of Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Urmia Lake Research Institute, Urmia University, I.R. of Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Comparative Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, I.R. of Iran.
چکیده [English]

In the present study, the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and a compound binder on blood cell count, biochemical indices of serum and liver histology of rainbow trout was investigated. In this regard, total number of 414 trout fingerlings (9.67±1.20g) were randomly allocated into six different treatments comprising various dietary inclusion levels of AFB1 (0, 25 and 50 ppb) and binder (0 and 5%) for 60 days. At the end of experiment, blood indices did not differ amongst treatments. The highest and lowest levels of ALP activities were observed in treatments fed diets containing 5% binder-25 ppb AFB1 and the group without any dietary aflatoxin and binder inclusions, respectively (P<0.05). Activities of AST and ALT were only affected by the binder to the extent that its presence led to lower enzymes activity (P<0.05). Interaction of AFB1 and binder significantly affected total protein and globulin content (P<0.05). The albumin content was only affected by the binder (P<0.05). According to the results AFB1 reduced HSI (P<0.05). Blood vessels dilation, cytoplasmic degeneration, blood congestion and hepatic immune cells infiltration were observed in fish fed aflatoxin-contaminated diets which were severe in 50 ppb AFB1-recieved groups. In conclusion, The AFB1 resulted in liver tissue damage and despite improving the immune indices; binder did not show remarkable hepato-protective effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aflatoxin B1
  • Bentonite
  • Prebiotic
  • Rainbow trout

مراجع

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تحقیقات دامپزشکی و فرآورده‌های بیولوژیک
دوره 30، شماره 1
فروردین 1396
صفحه 173-182

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 خرداد 1395

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