Serological valuation of Newcastle disease vaccination titer in the broiler farms of Mazandaran province during 2014-2017

Document Type : Full Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Clinical Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Food Hygiene & Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

5 Department of Health and Management of Poultry Diseases, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Tehran, Iran

6 Iranian Veterinary Organization, Mazansdaran Province, Sari. Iran.

Abstract

Newcastle disease is one of the most important diseases and challenges in poultry farming in Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2014 to June 2017 in broiler farms in Mazandaran province to evaluate the serum titers against Newcastle disease vaccine under field conditions. At least 16 blood samples were taken from each farm; a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was performed on serum samples. The mean titers were compared within different months using ANOVA and Tukey's test. 224 broiler farms and 3573 birds were sampled. In terms of age, 22 flocks were less than 20 days old, 8 flocks were between 20 and 24 days, 91 flocks 25 to 34 days, and 103 flocks were 35 days and older. The mean titer of the sampled flocks was 5.38 ± 2.14. The mean titer of 31 farms (13.8%) was less than 3, 103 farms (46.98%) was between 3 and 6, and 90 farms (40.17%) was 6 and higher. In 8 farms, velogenic Newcastle viruse (57.7%) was identified using RT-PCR. The average of titers of the flocks aging 34-35 days was 4.94 and there was no significant difference in mean titers of flocks older than 35 days (5.71) (P> 0.05). The mean titer of all sampled flocks in the province (5.38) was significantly higher than 3 as the protective titer (P <0.001). In conclusion, it seems that the vaccination programs of the flocks sampled during this study, had a good coverage and prevented the occurrence of an epidemic in the region.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References


1. Alexander, D.1995. The epidemiology and control of avian influenza and Newcastle disease. Journal of comparative pathology. 112(2): p. 105-126.
2. Swayne, D.E., J.R. Glisson, L.R. McDougald, L.K. Nolan, D.L. Suarez, and V. Nair.2013.Diseases of Poultry. Vol. 13th, Iowa 50010, USA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
3. OIE, Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals.Chapter 2.3.14. Newcastle disease (infection with Newcastle disease virus) (NB: Version adopted in May 2012). 2017.
4. A Awan, M., M. J Otte, and A. D James.1994. The epidemiology of Newcastle disease in rural poultry: A review. Vol. 23,
5. Schelling, E., B. Thur, C. Griot, and L. Audige.1999. Epidemiological study of Newcastle disease in backyard poultry and wild bird populations in Switzerland. Avian Pathology. 28(3): p. 263-72.
6. Alexander, D.J., R.J. Manvell, J. Banks, M.S. Collins, G. Parsons, B. Cox, K.M. Frost, E.C. Speidel, S. Ashman, and E.W. Aldous.1999. Experimental assessment of the pathogenicity of the Newcastle disease viruses from outbreaks in Great Britain in 1997 for chickens and turkeys, and the protection afforded by vaccination. Avian Pathology. 28(5): p. 501-11.
7. Kapczynski, D.R. and D.J. King.2005. Protection of chickens against overt clinical disease and determination of viral shedding following vaccination with commercially available Newcastle disease virus vaccines upon challenge with highly virulent virus from the California 2002 exotic Newcastle disease outbreak. Vaccine. 23(26): p. 3424-33.
8. Miller, P.J., C. Estevez, Q. Yu, D.L. Suarez, and D.J. King. 2009. Comparison of viral shedding following vaccination with inactivated and live Newcastle disease vaccines formulated with wild-type and recombinant viruses. Avian Disease. 53(1): p. 39-49.
9. Miller, P.J., D.J. King, C.L. Afonso, and D.L. Suarez.2007. Antigenic differences among Newcastle disease virus strains of different genotypes used in vaccine formulation affect viral shedding after a virulent challenge. Vaccine. 25(41): p. 7238-46.
10. Hosseini, H., A.G. Langeroudi, and R. Torabi.2014. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of Newcastle disease viruses isolated in Iran, 2010-2012. Avian Dis. 58(3): p. 373-6.
11. Ebrahimi, M.M., S. Shahsavandi, G. Moazenijula, and M. Shamsara.2012. Phylogeny and evolution of Newcastle disease virus genotypes isolated in Asia during 2008-2011. Virus Genes. 45(1): p. 63-8.
12. Boroomand, Z., R.A. Jafari, and M. Mayahi.2016. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of the fusion genes of Newcastle disease virus from the recent outbreaks in Ahvaz, Iran. Virus Disease. 27(1): p. 102-105.
13. Ebadzadeh, H.R., K. Ahmadi, S. Mohammadnia Afruzi, R.A. Taghani, A. Moradi Eslami, and S.M.A. Yari, Agricultural statistics. 2015, Center for Information and Communication Technology: Tehran. p. 99-160.
14. Kant, A., G. Koch, D.J. Van Roozelaar, F. Balk, and A.T. Huurne.1997. Differentiation of virulent and non-virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus within 24 hours by polymerase chain reaction. Avian Pathology. 26(4): p. 837-49.
15. Allan, W.H. and R.E. Gough.1974. A standard haemagglutination inhibition test for Newcastle disease. (1). A comparison of macro and micro methods. Vetrinary Record. 95(6): p. 120-3.
16. Thrusfield, M.2005.Veterinary epidemiology. 3rd Edition ed. Blackwell Science Ltd: Elsevier
17. van Boven, M., A. Bouma, T.H.F. Fabri, E. Katsma, L. Hartog, and G. Koch.2008. Herd immunity to Newcastle disease virus in poultry by vaccination. Avian Pathology. 37(1): p. 1-5.
18. Numan, M., M.A. Zahoor, H. Khan, and M. Siddique .2005. Serologic Status of Newcastle Disease in broilers and Layers in Faisalabad and Surrounding Districts. Pakistan Veterinary Journal. 25(2): p.55-58
19. Mazengia, H., E. Gelaye, and M. Nega.2010. Evaluation of newcastle disease antibody level after different vaccination regimes in three districts of Amhara Region, Northwestern Ethiopia. Vol. 1,
20. Hossain, K. and M. Yamin.2010.Antibody levels against Newcastle Disease Virus in chickens in Rajshahi and surrounding districts of Bangladesh. International Journal of Biology. 2(2):p:102-106
21. Raggi, L.G. and G.G. Lee.1964. Infectious Bronchitis Virus Interference with Growth of Newcastle Disease Virus. II. Interference in Chickens. Avian Diseases. 8(4): p. 471-480.
22. Tsai, H.-J. and D.-F. Lin.1999. Evaluation of the Protection Efficacy of Newcastle Disease Vaccination Programs. Airiti Library. 25(1): p. 1-7.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 22 September 2017
  • Revise Date: 26 September 2017
  • Accept Date: 26 September 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics