Document Type : Full Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, 3749113191 Ir
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, 3749113191 Iran
3
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bovine Tuberculosis Laboratory, Tuberculin and Mallein Research & Production Department, Karaj, 3197619751 Iran
4
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, 3749113191
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, mainly affects ruminants. It causes incurable diarrhea, and progressive emaciation. Considering the variability of the genome of the bacterium, characterization of its strains is pivotal in diagnosis and epidemiology as well as developing disease prevention and control strategies. Methods: To extend our current knowledge on population structure of this bacterium, and in search of its ovine isolates, a total of 30 of Razi Institute’s archived Map isolates from bovine, ovine and caprine hosts of different regions in Iran were re-cultured to provide the genetic material for the research. The presence of IS900 and IS1311 genetic markers was analyzed using PCR-based protocols. Then, the type of the studied isolates was determined by using HinfI and AluI endonucleases to perform IS900 and IS1311 PCR-REA protocol. Results: Genome of all the studied isolates contained markers of IS900 and IS1311. Also, both IS900 and IS1311 PCR-REA jointly demonstrated that the identity of all 30 isolates under study belonged to the cattle type. Conclusion: Taking into account the diverse geography of livestock exporting countries to Iran plus lack of reports regarding the disease in the indigenous breeds, the exclusive activity of bovine type strains in today’s Iran looks odd and requires more investigation, as the result of such studies can have important epidemiological implications regarding control and prevention of this disease in Iran.All the DNA samples were found positive for the two genetic markers of IS900 and IS1311. On top of this both IS900 and IS1311 PCR-REA analyses jointly demonstrated that showed that all Map strains under examination belonged to the cattle type.
Taking into account the diverse geography of ruminant exporting countries to Iran plus lacking reports of paratuberculosis in the indigenous ruminant breeds, the presence and circulation of the "cattle type" Map strains in the today’s Iran looks odd and deserves more investigation as this can have important epidemiological implications in regard with the paratuberculosis control and prevention in Iran.
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