A review of modern methods of isolation and purification of viruses

Document Type : Literature Review

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

2 Department of Phytochemistry, Research Institute of Plants and Medicinal Ingredients, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran

3 Research and Development Department of Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Promotion and Education Organization, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

The isolation and purification of viruses is a process contingent upon the host cell or the environment in which the virus has multiplied. In  numerous  studies and applications, it is imperative that be introduced in downstream operations in a manner that preserves their biological properties and structure. The identification of viral agents from different samples is crucial for the diagnosis of various infections and the isolation and classification of the associated viruses. Classification of  viruses reveals unique characteristics, including size, shape and biochemical level, as well as structural features such as enveloped or capsid. These attributes influence the selection of downstream techniques. Several studies and reports have addressed the industrial needs for targeted vaccine preparation  to improve the current  viral downstream operation . The results of these studies have been instrumental in the development of numerous viral vaccines for use in both medical and veterinary fields. The methodologies employed for the isolation, concentration, and purification of  viruses have the potential to be used in both research and industry settings, provided that the requisite facilities are in place. Currently, these facilities encompass techniques such as sedimentation, centrifugation, filtration and chromatography. The advancement of  viral vaccine production systems is regarded as a fundamental necessity at the national level. This article presents a review of the methods and technologies used in the last two decades in the field of downstream processing of viral vaccines, along with an analysis of the results achieved. 

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Veterinary Research & Biological Products
Volume 37, Issue 3
October 2024
Pages 2-18

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History

  • Receive Date: 14 January 2024
  • Revise Date: 21 March 2024
  • Accept Date: 21 March 2024

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