The effect of probiotics and prebiotics on growth performance, blood-serum parameters, microbial population and intestinal morphology of turkey poults

Document Type : Full Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord

2 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord- Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics, prebiotics and their mixture on growth performance, blood-serum parameters, microbial population and intestinal morphology of turkey poults.
In this experiment, 96 pieces of hybrid meat turkey poults from the age of 60 to 120 days were used. The treatments included the control diet, diets containing probiotics, prebiotics and equal proportions of probiotics and prebiotics. Production traits were measured weekly and at the end of the breeding period, blood sampling and slaughtering were done to check blood-serum parameters, microbial population and intestinal morphology. The results indicated a significant effect of experimental treatments on feed consumption and feed conversion ratio in the entire breeding period (P<0.05). The percentage of carcass yield, the ratio of spleen and bursa of Fabricius weight to live weight increased in the additive consuming treatments compared to the control group, and the fat weight of the abdominal area decreased significantly (P<0.05). Triglyceride and blood cholesterol in the treatments using additives decreased and the amount of white blood cells and blood albumin increased significantly (P<0.05). Additives had a positive effect on the parameters of intestinal morphology and the population of Escherichia coli bacteria in the cecum significantly decreased (P<0.05). Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended to use pro and prebiotics alone and together as a supplement in the feed of turkeys.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  • Abou-Kassem, D.E., M.F. Elsadek, A.E. Abdel-Moneim, S.A. Mahgoub, G.M. Elaraby, A.E. Taha, M.M. Elshafie, D.M. Alkhawtani, E. Abd El-Hack, and E.A. Ashour. 2021. Growth, carcass charac- teristics, meat quality, and microbial aspects of growing quail fed diets enriched with two different types of probiotics (Bacillus toyonensis and Bifidobacterium bifidum). Poult Sci 100(1):84–93.
  • Agboola, A. F., I. Aroniyo, S.A. Suberu, and W.T. Adeyemi. 2014. Dietary supplementation of probiotics and synbiotics on intestinal microbial populations and gut morphology of turkey poults. J. Livest. Ext 14:13-20.‏
  • Cheng, G., H. Hao, S. Xie, X. Wang, M. Dai, L. Huang and Z. Yuan. Antibiotic alternatives: the substitution of antibiotics in animal husbandry. Front Microbiol 4:137-156.
  • Chung, C.H. and D.F. Day. Efficacy  of  Leuconostoc mesenteroides (ATCC  13146) isomaltooligosaccharides  as  a  poultry  prebiotic. Poult Sci 83: 1302–1306.
  • Dev, K., N.A. Mir, A. Biswas, J. Kannoujia, J. Begum, R. Kant, and A. Mandal. 2020. Dietary synbiotic supplementation improves the growth performance, body antioxidant pool, serum biochemistry, meat quality, and lipid oxidative sta- bility in broiler chickens. Anim Nutr 6(3):325–332.
  • Haque, M.I., N. Ahmad, M.A. Miah. 2017. Comparative analysis of body weight and serum biochemistry in broiler ssupplemented with some selected probiotics and anti-biotic growth promoters. J Adv Vet Anim Res 4(3):288–294.
  • Hassanpour, H., A.K.Z. Moghaddam, M. Khosravi and M. Mayahi. 2013. Effects of synbiotic on the intestinal morphology and humoral immune response in broiler chickens. Livest Sci 153 (1-3), 116-122.
  • Jazi, V., A. Ashayerizadeh, M. Toghyani, A. Shabani, G. Tellez, and M. Toghyani. 2018. Fermented soybean meal exhibits pro-biotic properties when included in Japanese quail diet in replacement of soybean meal. Poult Sci 97(6):2113–2122.
  • Jazi, V., A.D. Foroozandeh, M. Toghyani, B. Dastar, R. Rezaie Koochaksaraie and M. Toghyani. 2018. Effects of Pediococcus acidilactici, mannan oligosaccharide, butyric acid and their combination on growth performance and intestinal health in young broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. Poult Sci 97:2034-2043.
  • Kannan, M., R. Karunakaran, V. Balakrishnan and T.G. Prabhakar. 2005. Influence of prebiotics supplementation on lipid profile of broilers. Int J Poult Sci 4 (12): 994-997.
  • Khajali, F., M. Tahmasebi, H. Hasanpour, M.A. Akbari, D. Qujeeq and R.F. Wideman. 2011. Effects of supplementation of canola meal-based diets with arginine on performance, plasma nitric oxide, and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens grown at high altitude. Poult Sci 90: 102287-2294.
  • Khattab, A.A.A., M.F.M. El Basuini, I.T. El-Ratel, S.F. Fouda. 2021. Dietary probiotics as a strategy for improving growth per- formance, intestinal efficacy, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of white Pekin ducks fed with different levels of Poult Sci 100(3):100898.
  • Loeffler, S. 2014. Effects of Probiotic and Prebiotic Supplementation in Turkey Poults on Intestinal Morphology and MUC2 Gene Expression [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center.
  • Mead, G.C. 2000. Prospects for competitive exclusion treatment to control salmonellas and other foodborne pathogens in poultry. Vet J 159: 111-123.
  • Mountzouris, K.C., P. Tsitrsikos, I. Palamidi, A. Arvaniti, M. Mohnl, G. Schatzmayr and K. Fegeros. 2010. Effects of probiotic inclusion levels in broiler nutrition on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma immunoglobulins, and cecal microflora composition. Poult Sci 89: 58.
  • Ng, S.C., A.L. Hart, M.A. Kamm, A.J. Stagg and S.C. Knight. 2009. Mechanisms of action of probiotics: Recent advances. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) 15: 300-310.
  • NRC (National Research Council). 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Rev. Edition. Natl. Acad. press, Washington, DC.
  • Panda, A.K., M.R. Reddy, S.V. RamaRao, M.V.L.N. Raju and N.K. Paraharaj. 2000. Growth, carcass characteristics, immune competence and response to Escherchia coli on broiler fed diets with various level of probiotic. Arch für Geflugelkunde 64: 152-156.
  • Pelicano, E.R.L., P.A. Souza, H.B.A. Souza, D.F. Figueiredo and C.M.C. Amaral. 2007. Morphometry and ultra-structure of the intestinal mucosa of broilers fed different additives. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 9 (3) 516- 635.
  • Perry, G.C. 2006. Avian gut function in health and disease. CABI, UK.
  • Rahmani Alizadeh, M., H.R. Aliakbarpour, and S.M. Hashemi Karouei. 2023. Effect of dietary supplementation of Iranian multi-strain probiotic or P. acidilactici of camel milk isolate on broilers performance, blood parameters, intestinal histology, and microbiota. J. Anim. Sci 22(1), 660-665.‏
  • Salehizadeh, M., M.H. Modarressi, S.N. Mousavi, and M.T. Ebrahimi. Effects of probiotic lactic acid bacteria on growth performance, carcass characteristics, hematological indices, humoral immunity, and IGFI gene expression in broiler chicken. Trop Anim Health Prod 51(8):2279–2286.
  • Salim, H.M., H.K. Kang, N. Akter, D.W. Kim, J.H. Kim, M.J. Kim, J.C. Na, H.B. Jong, H.C. Choi, O.S. Suh and W.K. Kim. 2013. Supplementation of direct-fed microbials as an alternative to antibiotic on growth performance, immune response, cecal microbial population and ileal morphology of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 92: 2084-2090.
  • Wang, G., Q. Song, S.H. Huang, Y. Wang, S.H. Cai, H. Yu, X. Ding, X. Zeng and J. Zhang. 2020. Effect of Antimicrobial Peptide Microcin J25 on Growth Performance, Immune Regulation, and Intestinal Microbiota in Broiler Chickens Challenged with Escherichia coli and Salmonella. J Anim 10: 345.

Zhang, B., X. Yang, Y. Guo and F. Long. 2011. Effects of dietary lipids and Clostridium butyricum on the performance and the digestive tract of broiler chickens. Arch Anim Nutr 65: 329-339.

Veterinary Research & Biological Products
Volume 37, Issue 1
March 2024
Pages 69-78

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 21 May 2023
  • Revise Date: 10 September 2023
  • Accept Date: 11 September 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics