Prevalence and Antibiotics Resistance Patterns of Common Bacterial Causes of Bovine Subclinical mastitis in Selected Dairy Farms of Gorgan, North-east of Iran

Document Type : Full Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran

2 Health Management and Social Development Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine mastitis, isolate of mastitis-causing bacteria and characterize antimicrobial resistance pattern at selected dairy farms around Gorgan, Golestan province. Among 60 lactating cows, 16 (26.6%) cows were positive bovine for subclinical mastitis by California Mastitis Test. Bacterial culture and Agar disc diffusion was used for isolation and antibiotic susceptibility test. The most prevalent isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (36 cases, 45% (and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (18 cases, 22.5 %,( followed by Eschershia coli (14 cases, 17.5%), Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruoginosa and Streptococci (4 each, 5%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 92.5% and 82.5% of total isolates were susceptible to gentamycin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. In addition, the E. coli isolates showed 92.8% sensitivity to neomycin. However, the highest resistance was observed against penicillin (90%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (87.5%) and erythromycin (82.5%). Based on the results, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin may be considered the drugs of choice for mastitis treatment whereas penicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and erythromycin were found to be poor in their efficacy to the isolates. In this study, 62.5% of the isolates (50 isolates) were multiple-drug resistance. Based on the results, it seems that gentamicin and ciprofloxacin are more appropriate drugs for the treatment of mastitis. However, to minimize the risk of resistant bacteria, it is necessary to perform antibiogram testing prior to antibiotic prescription and evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern periodically in each geographical area.    

Keywords

References

1. Alekish, M.O., KM. Al-qudah, A. Al-saleh. 2013. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens isolated from bovine mastitis in northern Jordan. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 164: 319-326.
2. Belayneh, R., K. Belihu, A. Tesfaye. 2014. Microbiological study on bacterial causes of bovine mastitis and its antibiotics susceptibility patterns in East Showa Zone, Akaki District, Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health 6: 116-122. 
3. Birhanu, M., S. Leta, G. Mamo, S. Tesfaye. 2017. Prevalence of bovine subclinical mastitis and isolation of its major causes in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia. BMC research notes 10: 1-6. 
4. Bogni, C., L. Odierno, C.  Raspanti, J. Giraudo, A. Larriestra, E. Reinoso, M. Lasagno, M E. Ferrari, C. Frigerio, S. Bettera, M. Pellegrino, I. Frola, S. Dieser, C. Vissio. 2011. War against mastitis: Current concepts on controlling bovine mastitis pathogens. Science against microbial pathogens: communicating current research and technological advances, A. Méndez Vilas (Ed).
5. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests. 2013. Approved Standard M2-A9. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Institute.
6. Deb, R., Kumar, A., Chakraborty, S., Verma, AK, Tiwari, R., Dhama, K., Singh, U., Kumar, S. 2013. Trends in diagnosis and control of bovine mastitis: a review. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 16: 1653-61. 
7. Dereje, K., A. Kebede, N. Abebe, Y. Tamiru. 2018. Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of Mastitis Causing Bacteria at Holeta Agricultural Research Center Dairy Farms. Journal of Animal Science and Technology 2: 6-13. 
8. Girma, S., A. Mammo, K. Bogele, T. Sori, F. Tadesse, T. Jibat. 2012. Study on prevalence of bovine mastitis and its major causative agents in West Harerghe zone, Doba district, Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health 4: 116-123. 
9. Hashemi, M., M. Kafi, M. Safdarian. 2011. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in the central region of Fars province, south of Iran. Iran. Iranian journal of veterinary research 12: 236-241.
10. Hogan, J., K.L. Smith. 2012. Managing environmental mastitis. Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice 28: 217–224. 
11. Kulkarni, A.G., B.B Kaliwal. 2013. Bovine mastitis: a review. International journal of recent scientific research 4: 543–548.
12. Mahon, CR., DC. Lehma, G. Manuselis. 2014. Textbook of diagnostic microbiology. 5th ed. USA: Elsevier Health Sciences.
13. Mekibib, B., M. Furgasa, F. Abunna, B. Megersa, A. Regassa. 2010. Bovine Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Major Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Holeta Town, Central Ethiopia. Veterinary world 3: 397-403.
14. Rüegsegger, F., J. Ruf, A. Tschuor, Y. Sigrist, M. Rosskopf, M. Hässig. 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility in mastitis pathogens of dairy cows in Switzerland. Schweizer Archiv Fur Tierheilkunde 156: 483–488. 
15.Sadeghpour, M., E. Estabraghi, A. Mokhtari, S. Reihani. 2018. An Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Microbial Agents Isolated from Raw Milk Samples from Acute and Sub-Acute Cases of Mastitis in Livestock. Journal of Payavard Salamat 11: 650-659.
16. Saidi, R., D. Khelef, R. Kaidi. 2013. Subclinical mastitis in cattle in Algeria: Frequency of occurrence and bacteriological isolate. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 84(1):1-5. 
17. Schabauera, A., B. Piniorb, CM. Grubera, C. Firthb, A. Käsbohrerb, M. Wagnera, K. Rychlia, W. Obritzhauserb. 2018. The relationship between clinical signs and microbiological species, spa type, and antimicrobial resistance in bovine mastitis cases in Austria. Veterinary microbiology 8(227): 52–60. 
18. Suojala, L., L. Kaartinen, S. Pyörälä. 2013. Treatment for bovine Escherichia coli mastitis–an evidence-based approach. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 36: 521–531. 
19. Zeryehun, T., G. Abera. 2017. Prevalence and Bacterial Isolates of Mastitis in Dairy Farms in Selected Districts of Eastern Harrarghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia. Journal of veterinary medicine Article ID 6498618:1-7. 
20. Zeryhun, T., T. Aya, R. Bayecha. 2013. Study on Prevalence, Bacterial Pathogens and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine Mastitis in Small Holder Dairy Farms in and Around Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 23: 50-55.
 

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 04 November 2020
  • Revise Date: 13 January 2021
  • Accept Date: 27 January 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics