A review of anaplasmosis and the prevalence of Anaplasma marginale in cattle in Iran and the world

Document Type : Literature Review

Author

Veterinary Research Department, Isfahan Agriculture and Natural resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by the Anaplasma spp.. A. marginale is the most important species of vererinary in the family Anaplasmataceae. The disease is the most prevalent of bovine hemoparasite infections and is endemic in tropical, subtropical and certain temperate areas of the world. Invasion and multiplication of A. marginale in erythrocytes of cattle may result in anemia, weight loss, abortion, and sometimes death during acute infections. A. marginale is transmitted biologically by ticks and mechanically by blood-contaminated mouthparts of biting flies or fomites. Transplacental transmission of A. marginale may contribute to the epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis in some regions. According to the recent studies in Iran, approximately a quarter of the examined cattle have been positive for A. marginale. In spite of the global importance, in Iran the disease is still often overlooked in diagnosis and treatment. There is little surveillance information about this disease in Iran due to poor recognition and report. This paper reviews the literature on anaplasmosis with special attention to the prevalence of the disease in Iran and the world to help veterinarians differentiate, diagnose, and treat this disease.

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 04 September 2016
  • Revise Date: 25 October 2016
  • Accept Date: 01 November 2016

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