Effect of different levels of dietary chromium picolinate on productive performance, hematology and live Lipid levels in Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta)

Document Type : Full Research Paper

Authors

Fisheries Department, Marine Sciences Faculty, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran.

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of dietary chromium picolinate on the growth performances (final weight (FW), specific growth ratio (SGR), weight gain (WG) and condition factor (CF)), feed indices (feed conversion rate (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER)) hematology (hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC) and liver lipid levels (cholesterol and triglyceride)) of Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) for 60 days. In this experiment, 120 Indian mackerel (with average weight of 7.18±1.01 g) were divided to four treatments and three replicates (n=10 in each replicate) in a completely randomized design and fed with diets containing 0, 600,800 and 100 µg chromium picolinate/kg food, respectively. The present results showed that the highest FW, SGR, CF, PER, WG and the lowest FCR were observed in the diet containing 600 µg/kg chromium picolinate in all of the parameters. Treatment two (600 µg /kg) showed a significant difference compared with control treatment (P<0.05). Treatment containing 600 µg /kg chromium picolinate had significantly reduced liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared with those in other treatments. The highest WBC, RBC and hemoglobin were observed in treatments containing 600 and 800 µg/kg chromium picolinate. Treatment containing 1000 µg/kg chromium picolinate was not affected in all growth parameters and hematology (P>0.05). Finally, the present results suggest that diet containing 600 and 800 µg/kg dietary chromium picolinate could improve growth and hematology indices and liver lipid levels of Indian mackerel.

Keywords

References

1. Ahmed, A.R., A.N. Jha and S.J.Davies. 2012. The efficacy of chromium as a growth enhancer for mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L) :an integrated study using biochemical, genetic, and histological responses. Biological Trace Element Research 148: 187-197.
2.Ahmed, A.R., J.A. Moody, A. Fisher and S.J. Davies. 2013. Growth performance and starch utilization in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in response to dietary chromium chloride supplementation. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 27: 45-51.
3.Ani, M. and A.A. Moshtaguie. 1992. The effect of chromium on parameters related to iron metabolism. Biological Trace Elements Research 32: 57-64.
4.Bagchi, D., S.J. Stohs, B.W. Downs, M. Bagchi and H.G. Preuss. 2002. Cytotoxicity and oxidative mechanisms of different forms of chromium. Toxicology 180: 5-22.
5.Bai, S.C. 2001. Requirements of L-ascorbic acid in a viviparous marine teleost, Korean rochfish (Sebaster schlegeli) In: Ascorbic acid in aquatic organism. Dabrowski, K., (Eds.) CRC press.
6.Burtis, C.A., E.R. Ashwood and D.E. Brund. 1994. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry (5thed.).W.B.Sunders Company. Philadelphia, USA
7.Ciftc¸I. N., C. Gunalp, B. Cicik, C. Erdem, and O. Ay. 2010. Effects of chromium on the hematocrit levels and erythrocyte numbers of Cyprinus carpio. E-Journal of New World Science Academic (NWSA) 5: 82-88.
8.Castro, M.P., F.R. Moraes, R.Y. Fujimoto, C. Cruz, M.A.A. Belo and J.R.E. Moraes. 2014. Acute toxicity by water containing hexavalent or trivalent chromium in native Brazilian fish, Piaractus mesopotamicus: anatomopathological alterations and mortality. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 92: 213-219.
9.Cook, M.T., P.J. Hayball, W. Hutchinson, B.F.Nowak and D.J. Hayball . 2003. Administration of a commercial immunostimulant preparation, EcoActiva as a feed supplement enhances macrophage respiratory burst and the growth rate of snapper (Pagrus auratus), Sparidae (Bloch and Schneider) in winter. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 14: 333-345.
10.El-Sayed, E.H., E.I. Hassanein, M.H. Soliman and N.R. El-khatib2. 2010. The effect of dietary chromium picolinate on growth performance, blood parameters and immune status in nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. F. oreign Agricultural Relations (FAR), Egypt, 29th Nov. - 1st Dec..
11.Gatta, P.P., K.D. Thompson, R.S. Andrea, P.S. Testi and A. Adams. 2001. Dietary organic chromium supplementation and its effect on the immune response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish and Shellfish Immunology 11: 371-382.
12.Goldenfarb, P.B., F.P. Bowyer, T. Hall and E. Brosious. 1971. Reproducibility in the hematology laboratory the microhematocrit determination. American Journal of Clinical Patholology 56: 35-39.
13.Hasan, M.R. 2002. Nutrition and feeding for sustainable Aquaculture development in the third millennium. FAO Reports.
14.Kucukbay, F.Z., H. Yazlak, N.Sahin and M.N. Cakmak. 2006. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on serum glucose, cholesterol and minerals of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture International 14: 259-266
15.Kuthalingam, M.D.K. 1956. Observations on the food and feeding habits of the Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Russell). Zoology Society 8: 99-106.
16.Lim, C., P.H. Klesius, M.H. Liand E.H. Robinson. 2000. Interaction between dietary levels of iron and vitamin C on growth, haematoloy, immune response and resistance of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge. Aquaculture 185: 313-327.
17.Liu, T., H.Wen, M.Jiang, D. Yuan, P. Gao, Y. Zhao, F. Wu and W. Liu. 2010. Effect of dietary chromium picolinate on growth performance and blood parameters in grass carp fingerling, Ctenopharyngodon idellus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 36: 565-572.
18.Mehrim, A.I. 2012. Effect of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on growth performance, carcass composition and organs indices of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fingerlings. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 7: 224-232.
19.Mertz, W. 1993. Chromium in human nutrition: a review. Journal of Nutrition 123: 626-633.
20.Nazan, D., A.Yener and Y. Rikap. 2008. Ovary maturation stages and histological investigation of ovary of the Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 151: 1-10.
21.Nisa, K. and A. Sadullah. 2011. Seasonal riation in chemical composition of the Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) from Karachi Coast. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences. 10, 67-74.
22.NRC, 1997. The role of chromium in animal nutrition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
23.Pan, Q., S.H. Liu, Y.G. Tanand Y.Z. Bi. 2003. The effect of chromium picolinate on growth and carbohydrate utilization in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus* Oreochromis aureus. Aquaculture 225: 421-429
24.Papageorgiou, G., Botsoglou, N., Govaris, A., Giannenas, I., Iliadis, S., Botsoglou, E., 2003. Effect of dietary oregano oil and alphatocopheryl acetate supplementation on iron-induced lipid oxidation of turkey breast, thigh, liver and heart tissues. Journal of Animal Physiology Nutrition 87, 324-335.
25. Peterson, D.S., D.J. Harris, J.C. Rayner, A.B. Blakeney and M. Choct. 1999. Methods for the analysis of premium livestock grains. Australian Journal of Agriculture Researches 50: 775- 787.
26.Pires, K.A., D.C.Carvalho dos Santos, D.S. Graça, M.M. Melo, F.A. Barbosa and B. Soto-Blanco. 2015. Effects of Two Sources of Chromium on Performance, Blood and Liver Lipid Levels in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 43: 1-8.
27.Ramesh, M. and M. Saravanan. 2008. Haematological and biochemical responses in a freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio exposed to chorpyrifos. Internatinal Journal of Integrative Bioliogy 3: 80-83.
28.Schaperclaus, W., H. Kulow and K. Schreckenbach. 1991. Hematological and serological technique. In: Fish Disease. Kothekar, V.S. (ed.) (2 nd ed.). Connaught circus, Gulab primlani, Oxonian press. New Delhi, India.
29.Selcuk, Z., S.U. Tiril, F. Alagil,V. Belen, M. Salman,S. Cenesiz, O.H.Muglaliand F.B. Yagci. 2010. Effect of dietary L-Carnitine and chromium picolinate supplementations on performance and some serum parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture International 18, 213-221.
30.Shiau, S. and M. Chen. 1993. Carbohydrate utilization by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticusx O. aureus) as influenced by different chromium sources. Journal of Nutrition 123: 1747-1753.
31.Trinder, P. 1969. Determination of glucose in blood using glucose oxidase with an alternative oxygen acceptor. Annuals of Clinical Biochemistry 6: 24-27.
32.Wahli, T., V.Verlhac, P. Griling, J. Gabaudan and C. Aebischer. 2003. Influence of dietary vitamin C on the wound healing process in rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) Aquaculture 225: 371-386.
Veterinary Research & Biological Products
Volume 30, Issue 3 - Serial Number 116
September 2017
Pages 160-169

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 14 July 2016
  • Revise Date: 03 September 2016
  • Accept Date: 03 September 2016

Share

How to cite

Statistics