Mercury content in the liver of Zander fish (Sander lucioperca) in relation to length, weight, age and sex

Editorial

Authors

1 MSc Expert of Tarbiat Modares University

2 Professor of Tarbiat Modares University

3 MSC Expert International Research of Dessert of Tehran University

Abstract

The main objective of the present study is investigation of mercury bioaccumulation relation to length, weight, age and sex factors at liver of Zander fish. For this purpose, in Winter 2005 at western Caspian Sea shores (from Jefroud fishery station to Anzali wetland) 21 numbers Zander fish were obtained and then after biometry (measuring length, age and weight) and sex determination, the mercury concentration at liver were detected by Advanced Mercury Analyzer254, LECO. Based on the results, mercury concentration at liver (ppb in dry weight) was 0.338±0.097. The results showed significant differences between age and weight factors with mercury accumulation at liver (P<0.05) while sex and length factors showed any significant differences on mercury concentration at liver (P>0.05).

 1- بهمنی ، م ، (1374) بررسی آلودگی در اکوسیستم های آبی و اثرات آن با نگرشی بر تالاب انزلی، موسسه تحقیقات و آموزش شیلات ایران.##
2- فروغی، ر، اسماعیلی ساری، ع و قاسمپوری، م، (1385) مقایسه همبستگی طول و وزن با تراکم جیوه در اندام‌های مختلف ماهی سفید سواحل مرکزی خزر جنوبی، مجله علمی شیلات ایران، شماره 4. ##
3- نوذری، م، (1384) اندازه‌گیری و مقایسه غلظت جیوه در اندام‌های مختلف اردک ماهی (Esox lucius) در تالاب انزلی، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، گروه محیط زیست. 113 صفحه.##
4- وثوقی، غ. ح و مستجیر، ب ،ماهیان آب شیرین، (1373)  انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، صفحات268-275.##
5- یزدانی نسب ، ل، (1384) سنجش آلودگی جیوه در بافت‌های ماهی کفال طلائی (Liza aurata) سواحل غربی استان مازندران، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس،. دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی نور، گروه بیولوژی دریا. 59 صفحه.##
6- Burger, J and Gochfeld, M; (2007) Risk to consumers from mercury in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) from the Aleutians: Fish age and size effects,Environ Res, 105(2): 276 – 284.##
7- Canli, M. & Atli, G; (2003) The relationship between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) levels and the size of six mediterranean fish species. Environ Pollut, 9 (121): 129-136.##
8 -Chapman, L. and Chan, H.M., (2000) The influence of nutrition on methyl mercury intoxication. Environ Health Pers, 108: 29–56. ##
9 - Demetrio, R, Sergi, D, Josep, M.B and Damià Barcelo; (2006)Mercury levels and liver pathology in feral fish living in the vicinity of mercury cell chlor-alkali factory. Chem, 66(7): 1217-1225.##
10 - Farkas, A, Salanki, J. and Specziar, A; (2003) Age- and size- specific patterns of heavy metals in the organs of freshwater fish Abramis brama L. populating a low- contaminated site. Water Res, 37: 959-964.##
11- Francesconi, K.A, Lenanton, R.C.J; (1992) Mercury contamination in a semi-enclosed marine embayment organic mercury content of biota, and factors influencing mercury levels in fish.mar.environ.Res, 331: 189-212.##
12- Gochefeld,  M; (2003) Cases of mercury exposure, bioavailability, and absorption, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf, 56: 174–179.##
13- Hellawell J.M; (1986) Biological indicators of freshwater pollution and environmental management. Amsterdam: Elsevier: 546–54.##
14- Henry, F, Amara, R, Courcot, L, Lacouture, D. and Bertho, M.L; (2004) Heavy metals in four fish species from the French coast of the Eastern English Channel and Southern Bight of the North Sea. Environ International, 30: 675-683.##
15- Jackson, T.A; (1991) Biological and environmental control of mercury accumulation by fish in lakes and reservoirs of northern Manitoba, Canada, Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 48 (1991): 2449–2470.##
16- Jewetti.S.C, Zhang,X, Sathy Aidu,A, Kelly,J.J, Dasher,D, Duffy,K; (2002) comparison  of mercury and methyl mercury in northern pike and Arctic gray ling from western Alaska rivers.chem, 50:383-392.##
17- Johnsson, C, Schutz, A, Sallsten, G., (2005) Impact of consumption of freshwater fish on mercury levels in hair, blood, urine, and alveolar air. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 68 (a): 129–141.##
18- Julshamn, K, Grahl-Nielsen, O., (2000) Trace elements in harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) from the Greenland Sea, a multivariate approach. Sci. Total Environ. 250: 123–133.##
19- Knobeloch, L, Anderson, H.A, Imm, P, Peters, D, Smith, A; (2005) Fish consumption, advisory awareness, and hair mercury levels among women of childbearing age. Environ. Res. 97: 220–227.##
20- National Research Council (NRC); (2000) Toxicological Effects of Methyl mercury. NationalAcademy Press, Washington, DC. 337pp.##
21 - Post, J.R, Vandenbos, R, Mc queen, D.J; (1996) Uptake rates of food-chain and waterborne mercury by fish: Field measurements, a mechanistic model, and an assessment of uncertainties.canadian.J.fish. Aquat.Sci, 53: 224-252.##
22– Qian, S.S, Hicks, W, Keating, J, Moore, D.R.J, Teed, R.S; (2001) A predictive model for mercury fish tissue concentrations for the southeastern United States. Environ Sci Technol; 35:941– 7.##
23- Romeo, M, Siau, Y and Sidoumou, Z; (1999) Heavy metal distribution in different fish species from the Mauritania coast. The Science of the Total Environ, 232: 169 – 175.##
24 - Ruelas, J.R, Paez-Osuna, F, Perez-Cortes, H., (2000) Distribution of mercury in muscle, liver and kidney of the spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) stranded in the southern Gulf of California. 40: 1063–1066.##
25- US EPA; (2001) Water quality criterion for the protection of human health: Methyl Mercury. EPA 0823-R-01-001. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.##
26- U.S. EPA; (1998) Trace mercury in various liquid and solid samples by direct   combustion, Method No. 7473. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency.
http://www.epa.gov/mercury ##
27- Vupputuri, S, Longnecker, M.P, Daniels, J.L, Xuguang, G, Sandler, D.P; (2005) Blood mercury level and blood pressure among US women: Results from the national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2000. Environ. Res, 97:195–200.##
28 - Weis, I.M; (2004) Mercury concentration in fish from Canadian Great Lakes areas of concern: An analysis of data from the Cabadian Department of Environment database. Environ Res, 95: 341-350.##
29 - Wicker, A.M and Gantt, L.K., (1994) Contaminant assessment of fish Rangia clams   and sediments in the lower Pamlico River, North Carolina, U.S Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecologi Services. 16pp.##
30 - Wiener, J.G, Spry, D.J; (1996) Toxicological significance of mercury in freshwater fish.pp.297-339 in: Beyer WN,Heinz GH,Rdmon-Norwood AW(eds).##