Evaluation of the efficacy of esterified glucomannan, sodium bentonite and different levels of humic acid to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxin in broilers

Editorial

Authors

1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran,

2 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Islamic Azad University, Urmia

3 Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia,Iran

Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of esterified glucomannan, sodium bentonite and humic acid, in counteracting the toxic effects of aflatoxin in experimentally contaminated diets (254ppbAF) fed to broiler chickens. 7-day-old male broiler chicks of similar weight were randomly assigned to one of the nine dietary treatments with four replicates of 12 chicks each. Chicks were grouped based on the following dietary treatments: 1) control; 2) experimentally contaminated diet; 3,4,5,6 and 7) experimentally contaminated diet supplemented with 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1%, humic acid respectively; 8 and 9) experimentally contaminated diet supplemented with 0.5% sodium bentonite and 0.1% esterified glucomannan, respectively. The experiment lasted for 35 days. Compared with the control, the experimentally contaminated diet significantly increased the activities of γ-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate amino transferase and feed consumption and resulted in poor feed efficiency. Increased relative weights of liver and decreased relative weights of bursa of fabricius were observed in chicks fed the experimentally contaminated diet. Further, feeding a contaminated diet was associated with significant decreases in serum albumin, total protein, uric acid and cholesterol. In this study, humic acid proved to be much more effective in the amelioration of aflatoxicosis in broilers than the sodium bentonite and esterified glucomannan.

References

1- Afzali, N. and Devegowda, G. (1999) Ability of modified mannanoligosaccharide to counteract aflatoxicosis in broiler breeder hens. Journal of Poultry Science, 78 (Suppl.1):228. (Abstr.).##
2- Aravind, K. L., Patil, V.S., Devegowda, G., Umakantha, B. and Ganpule, S. P. (2003) Efficacy of esterified glucomannan to counteract mycotoxicosis in naturally contaminated feed on performance and serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broilers. Journal of Poultry Science, 82:571–576.##
3- Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). (1995) Official Methods of Analysis. 6th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, DC.##
4- Bailey, R.H., Kubena, L.F., Harvey, R.B., Buckley, S.A. and Rottinghaus, G.E. (1998) Efficacy of Various Inorganic Sorbents to Reduce the Toxicity of Aflatoxin and T-2 Toxin in broiler. Poultry Science, 77:1623–1630.##
5- Bartov, I. (1985) Comparative effects of antifungal compounds on the nutritional value of diets containing mouldy corn for broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 64: 1236-1238. ##
6- Bridane, Y. O., Cole, R., Basmacioglu, H. and Oguz, H. (2004)Effect of estrefied glucomannan on aflatoxicosis: 2) Serum biochemical-hematological and bone parameters. Worlds Poultry Congress. Turkey, Istanbul. 2004.##
7- Carnaghan, R. B. A., Lewis, G., Patterson, D. S. P. and Allcroft, R. (1966) Biochemical and pathological aspects of groundnut poisoning in chickens. Pathology of Veterinary, 3:601–615. ##
8- Davis, N.D. and Deiner, U.L. (1983) Some characteristics of toxigenic and nontoxigenic isolate of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Southern Coop Series Bull.Craftmaster, Opelika, Ala, pp: 279-285.##
9- Deiner, U.L.,Cole, R.J., Sanders, T.H., Payne, G.A., Lee, L.S. and Klich, M.A. (1987) Epidemiology of Alatoxin formation y Aspergillus flavus. Ann. REV. Phytopatholoy.25:240-270.##
10- Huwig, A., Freimund,S., Kappeli, O. and Dutler, H. (2001) Mycotoxin detoxification of animal feed by different adsorbents. Toxicology, 122: 179-188.##
11- Islam, K. M. S., Schuhmacher, A. and Gropp, J. M. (2005) Humic acid substances in animal agriculture. Pakistan journal of nutrition, 4:126-134.##
12- Kececi, T., Oguz, H., Kurtoglu, V. and Demet, O. (1998)Effects of polyvynylpolyp- yrrolidone, synthetic zeolite and bentonite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. British Poultry Science, 39:452-458. ##
13. Kubena, L. F., Harvey, R. B., Phillips, T. D., Corrier, D. E. and Huff, W. E. (1990) Diminution of aflatoxicosis in growing chickens by dietary addition of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate. Poultry Science, 69:727–735.##
14. Miazzo, R., Rosa, C. A., Carvalho, E. C., Magnoli, C., Chiacchiera, S. M. and Palacio, G. (2000) Efficacy of synthetic zeolite to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 79:1-6. ##
15. Raju, M. V. and Devegowda, G. (2000) Influence of Esterified-Glucomannan on performance and organ morphology, serum biochemistry and haematology in broiler exposed to individual and combined mycotoxicosis (aflatoxin, ochratoxin and T-2 toxin). British Poultry Science, 41:640–650.##
16. Rensburg, J. V. Rensburg, C. E. J., Ryssen, J. B. J. and Casey, N. H. (2006) In Vitro and In vivo assessment of humic acid as an aflatoxin binder in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 85: 1576- 1583.##
17. Romer, T.R. (1975) Screening method for the detection of aflatoxins in mixed feed and other agricultural commodities with subsequent confirmation and quantitative measurement of aflatoxins in positive samples. Journal Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 58:500–506.##
18. Vieira, S. L. (2003) Nutritional implications of mould development in feedstuffs and alternatives to reduce the mycotoxin problem in poultry feeds. World’s Poultry Science Journal. 59:111-122.##
19. Smith, J. W. and Hamilton, P. B. (1970) Aflatoxicosis in the broiler chicken. Poultry Science, 49:207–215.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 April 2015
  • Accept Date: 25 April 2015

Share

How to cite

Statistics