Effect of hot water extraction of Sargassum glaucescens algae in prevention of White Spot Disease in Fenneropenaeus indicus.

Editorial

Authors

1 Health and Diseases of Shrimp Dep., Iran Shrimp Research Center, Bushehr, Iran

2 Health and Diseases of Aquatic Animals Dep. Iranian Fisheries Organization, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this study brown algae, Sargassum glaucescens and that found plenteously in Persian Gulf and Bushehr coast, were collected and hot water extracts of them were lyophilized. F. indicus (11.32±1.20 g), after two weeks adaptation in Shoghab research station dependent to Iran Shrimp Research Center, ISRC, were immersed in seawater (39 ppt and 25±1 C○) containing hot-water extract of brown algae, S.glaucescens, at 100, 300 and 500 mg/l concentration, prevention of White Spot Disease and immunological parameters (total haemocyte count (THC), total plasma protein (TPP) and Phagocytic activity) were examined. According to results, immersion in seawater containing 300 and 500 mg/l concentration of algal hot-water extract after 2 and 3 hours significantly enhanced THC, TPP and Phagocytic activity. Immersion in seawater containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/l hot-water extract of S.glaucescens after 3 hours, improved the survival rate of WSSV-infected F. indicus.

1- امیدی، س. (1379) بررسی میزان فلزات سنگین در آب های ساحلی استان بوشهر. مجله علمی شیلات، سال نهم، شماره 3، صفحات 35 تا 48. ##
2- برخوردار، ب. غیاث الدین، م. (1383) بررسی ظرفیت جلبک سارگاسوم در جذب کروم، نیکل و مس. زیست علوم و تکنولوژی محیط، شماره 21، صفحات 11 تا 19.##
3- سعیدی، ر. ندافی،ک. نبی زاده نودهی، ر. (1387) بیوجذب سرب (II) و کادمیوم (II) از محیط های آبی بوسیله جلبک قهوه ای سارگاسوم مجله  دانشکده بهداشت و انستیتو تحقیقات بهداشتی، جلد 2، شماره 5، صفحات 13 تا 24.##
4- Acharya S., J. Mohanty J., Sahoo P.K., (2004) Humoral defence factors in Indian river prawn, Macrobrachium malcolmsonii. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 17, 137-147##
5- Bachère, E. (2000) Shrimp immunity and disease control. Aquaculture 191, 3-11.##
6- Barkhordar, B. and Ghiasseddin M., (2004) The study of Sargassum capacity to absorb Cr, Ni and Cu., J.Env.Sci. Tech., No.21.##
7- Bauchau, A. G. (1981) Crustaceans. In: Ratcliffe N. A. and Rowley, A. F. (editors). Invertebrate blood cells. Academic Press, London and New York, pp. 385-420.##
8- Chotigeat W.; Tongsupa S.; Supamataya K. and Phongdara A. (2004) Effect of Fucoidan on Disease Resistance of Black Tiger Shrimp., Aquaculture Volume 233, Issues 1-4, Pages 23-30.##
9- Drach, P. (1939) Mue et cycle d’intermue chez les crustaces Decapodes. Annls. Inst. Oceanogr. 19: 103-391.##
10- Dulymamode, R. Sukhoo, N. Bhugun, I. (2001) Evaluation of Padina boergesenii (Phaeophyceae) as a bioindicator of heavy metals. South African Journal of Botany. 67, 3: 460- 464.##
11- Hoshino T., et al., (1988) An antiviral active sulfated polysaccharide from Sargassum horneri., C.Agard Biol pharm  Bull.,21, pp: 730-734.##
12- Itami T., (2002) Promising strategies against WSSV for kuruma shrimp in Japan., SEAFDEC Asian Aquaculture., Volume XXIV Number 3.##
13- Jiang, G., Yua R., Zhoua M., (2004) Modulatory effects of ammonia-N on the immune system of Penaeus japonicus to virulence of white spot syndrome virus. Aquaculture 241, 61-75.##
14- Liu C.H, Chen J.C, (2004) Effect of ammonia on the immune response of white rimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticus. Fish & Shellfish immunology, 16:321-34.##
15- Lorenzon S., Francese M., Smith V.J. and Ferrero E.A. (2001) Heavy metals affect the circulating haemocyte number in the shrimp Palaemon elegans. Fish & shellfish immunology 11, 459-472.##
16- Naddafi K., Ramin Nabizadeh R., Reza Saeedi R., Mahvi A.H., Vaezi F.,  Yaghmaeian K., Ghasri A., Nazmara S. (2007) Biosorption of lead (II) and cadmium (II) by protonated Sargassum glaucescens biomass in a continuous packed bed column. Journal of Hazardous Materials 147, pp. 785–791.##
17- Promwikorn W., Kirirat P. and Thaweethamsewee, P., (2004)Index of molting staging in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 26(5): 765-72.##
18- Raa, J., Rtwstad, G., Engstad, R. and Robertsen, B. (1992) The use of immunostimulants to increase resistance of aquatic organisms to microbial infections. In: Diseases in Asian Aquaculture (I. M. Shariff, R. P. Subasinghe and J. R. Arthus, eds.), p. 39-50. Fish Health Section, Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. Res. 42(11). Nr. 10##
19- Rodrıguez, J., Moullac G.L., (2000) State of the art of immunological tools and health control of penaeid shrimp. Aquaculture 191, 109–119. ##
20- Sanchez, A., Pascual, C., Sa´nchez, A., Vargas-Albores, F., Le Moullac, G., Rosas, C., (2001) Hemolymph metabolic variables and immune response in Litopenaeus setiferus adult males: the effect of acclimation. Aquaculture 198, 13– 28.##
21- Soderhall, K. and Cerenius, L. (1992) Crustacean immunity. Annual Review of Fish Diseases, 2, 3- 23.##
22- Soderhall, K., Aspan, A. and Duvic, B. (1990) The proPO-system and associated proteins; role in cellular communication in arthropods. Research Immunology 141, 896-907.##
23- Tsui, M.T.K, Cheung K.C., Tam N.F.Y, WongM.H. (2006) A comparative study on metal sorption by brown seaweed. Chemosphere 65: 51–57.##
24- Yeh, M. S., Chen, Y. L. and Tsai, I. H. (1998) The hemolymph clottable proteins of tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, and related species. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 121B, 169-176.##
25- Zhu W.; Ooi W. E. C.; Chan P. K. S.; and Ang P.O., (2003)Isolation and characterization of a sulfated polysaccharide from the brown alga Sargassum patens and determination of its anti-herpes activity., NRC Canada.##
26- Zolotukhina, E.Yu.  and Radzhinskaya, N.V. (1995) Macroalgae as heavy metal monitors in Black Sea littoral ecosystems. OCEANOLOGY, English Translation 35, No, 3: 400-403.##