Comparative evaluation of Difco brucella agar (BD) and glycerol dextrose agar culture media for production of brucellosis Rev 1 vaccine

Document Type : Full Research Paper

Author

Department of Research, Breeding and Production of Laboratory Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

Control and eradication of the brucellosis is loosed on vaccination of susceptible animals by Rev 1 vaccine. Production of this Vaccine is done by brucella agar culture media that is imported. Recently, the price of the medium has increased because of economic sanctions. Therefore, regarding the production of glycerol dextrose agar in Iran and its record in international sources, this study was done for possible replacement with this medium. So, 10 batches of vaccine were produced using this medium and they were compared with the vaccines produced by brucella agar with the same master seed. The number of live bacteria in 1 ml of bulk product was counted by counting the number of colony forming unit (CFU). In addition, other quality tests like morphology of colony or determination of the percentage of rough organisms, safety and efficacy test were done on each batch. The results indicated the mean numbers of live bacteria in 1 ml of bulk products was134.37×109 and 118.55×109 (CFU) and the percentage of rough colonies was %0.75 and %1/281 for Vaccines produced by brucella agar and glycerol dextrose agar respectively. There was not any difference in other quality tests includes safety and efficacy and all quality parameters remained within the standard ranges. Thus regarding the suitable results, this new culture medium can be used for Rev1 vaccine production. 

Keywords


1- ذوقی، ا.، وند یوسفی، ج.، حاجی خانی، ر. (1383). تکنیک های آزمایشگاهی بروسلوز در دامپزشکی و پزشکی (نویسنده G. G. Alton)- انتشارات قلمستان، صفحه:
28-23. 
2. Alton, G.G., Jones, L.M., Angus, R.D., Verger, J.M. (1988). Techniques for the brucellosis laboratory. INRA, Paris, France.
3. Arena Gamboa, A.M., Rice-Ficht, A.C., Kahl-McDonagh, M.M., Ficht, T.A. (2011). Protective Efficacy and Safety of Brucella melitensis 16M mucR against Intraperitoneal and Aerosol Challenge in BALB/c Mice. Infection and Immunity. 79 (9): 3653–3658.
4. Blasco, J.M. (1997). A review of the use of B. melitensis Rev 1 vaccine in adult sheep and goats. Prev Vet Med. 31(3-4): 275-83.
5. Blasco, J.M., Molina-Flores, B. (2011). Control and eradication of Brucella melitensis infection in sheep and goats. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 27 (1): 95-104.
6. Calderón, A.E.D., Merino, A.L., Sriranganathan, N., Boyle, S.M., Rodríguez, A.C. (2013). A History of the Development of Brucella Vaccines. Bio Med Research International. ArticleID 743509, 8pages.
7. Cloeckaert, A., Grayon, M., Grepinet, O. (2002). Identification of Brucella melitensis vaccine strain Rev.1 by PCR-RFLP based on a mutation in the rpsL gene. Vaccine. 20(19-20); 2546-50.
8. Elberg, S.S., Faunce, K.J.R. (1957). Immunity conferred on goats by a nondependent mutant from a streptomycin-dependent mutant strain of Brucella melitensis. Journal of bacteriology. 73 (2); 211-217.
9. Ficht, T.A., Kahl-McDonagh, M.M., Arenas-Gamboa, A.M., Rice-Ficht, A.C. (2009). Brucellosis: the case for live, attenuated vaccines. Vaccine. 5;27 Suppl 4:D40-3.
10. Godefroid, M., Svensson, M.V., Cambier, P., Uzureau, S., Mirabella, A., De Bolle, X., Van Cutsem, P., Widmalm, G., Letesson, J.J. (2010). Brucella melitensis 16M produces a mannan and other extracellular matrix components typical of a biofilm. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 59 (3):364-77.
11. Ko, J., Splitter, G.A. (2003). "Molecular Host-Pathogen Interaction in Brucellosis: Current Understanding and Future Approaches to Vaccine Development for Mice and Humans". Clin. Microbiol. Rev.16 (1): 65–78.
12. Miranda, K.L., Poester, F.P., Minharro, S., Dorneles, E.M., Stynen, A.P., Lage, A.P. (2013). Evaluation of Brucella abortus S19 vaccines commercialized in Brazil: immunogenicity, residual virulence and MLVA15 genotyping. Vaccine. 24;31 (29): 3014-8.
13. Moradi, G., Esmaiel Nasab, N., Ghaderi, E., Sofi Majidpour, M., Salimzadeh, H. (2006). Brucellosis in Kurdistan province from 1997 to 2003. Annals of Alquds Medicine. 2: 32-7.
14. Office International des Epizooties. (2012). Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, 7th edn, world organization for animal health. chapter 2.4.3.
15. Pappas, G., Papadimitriou, P., Akritidis, N., Christou, L., Tsianos, E.V. (2006). The new global map of human brucellosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 6(2): 91-9.
16. Schurig, G.G., Sriranganathan, N., Corbel, M.J. (2002). Brucellosis vaccines: past, present and future. Vet Microbiol. 90 (1-4): 479-96.
17. Wyatt, H.V. (2013). Lessons from the history of brucellosis. Rev Sci Tech. 32 (1):17-25.
18. Wyatt, H.V. (2005). How Themistocles Zammit found Malta Fever (brucellosis) to be transmitted by the milk of goats. J R Soc Med. 98 (10): 451-4.
19. Zowghi, E., Ebadi, A., Yarahmadi, M. (2008). Isolation and identification of Brucella organisms in Iran. Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases. 3 (4): 185- 188.